The ease of use and the capabilities of image editing tools has raised the challenges in the emerging field of digital image forensics related to scanned documents. Unfortunately, the universality of current methods and their applicability in real world scenarios have not been proven yet due to the absence of a standardized image database. In this paper, we introduce a novel test collection of more than 4500 images annotated with respect to each scanner as a useful tool for forensics in-vestigators to test and compare scanner-based forensic techniques. It is an image database that contains document of various content scanned with more than one resolution with 11 different scanner instances of widely known brands. This selection is based on our latest work on the identification of scanners at the origin of digitized documents and is adapted to fit any source scanner identification technique. The SUPATLANTIQUE database is available for free to the research community and is intended to become a useful and a reference resource for researchers in this field.

The Supatlantique Scanned Documents Database for Digital Image Forensics Purposes

Visual Cryptography is an image encryption technique which reconstructs the image using human visual system. Presently used size invariant visual cryptography schemes (VCS) does not preserves both security and contrast conditions. In this paper we proposed a new method for size invariant block wise encoding VCS based on perfect reconstruction of white pixels which provides perfect security and retains the contrast. Here we have discussed an outline of size invariant VCS based on random basis column pixel expansion, block wise encoding and random basis VCS with perfect reconstruction of white pixels (PRWP) which have been demonstrated based on various research studies. We have also discussed the demerits of the existing models and made an experimental analysis between previous models and the proposed model. From the analysis we proved that the proposed method enhances the security and maintain the contrast.

WiP: Security Enhanced Size Invariant Visual Cryptography with Perfect Reconstruction of White Pixels

Due to the advancement of the internet and image correcting software, the problem of integrity and authenticity of the image has become crucial. Forensics of digital image plays a crucial part in verifying the integrity and authenticity of computerized images. Digital watermarking is one of the computationally efficient techniques to verify the digital image’s integrity and authenticity. In this work, an overview of various image forensic techniques is briefly discussed, and an overview of digital watermarking techniques is presented as well. Further, various issues and challenges of digital watermarking and image forensics techniques based on the digital signature are also discussed. The overall aim of this work is to provide researchers with a comprehensive view of different aspects of image forensics based on digital watermarking. This survey will enable researchers to apply efficacious watermarking techniques to verify the authenticity and integrity of digital images.

A Review on Digital Watermarking-Based Image Forensic Technique

Visual cryptography is an image secret sharing technique which encrypts the image into n shares and reconstructs the image using k shares from n shares by human visual system. Recursive visual cryptography scheme (RVCS) again encrypts the encrypted shares into sub-shares using recursion. In this paper, we proposed a new model for size-invariant RVCS based on Perfect Reconstruction of White Pixels (PRWP) which enhances the contrast. The size-invariant RVCS based on random basis column pixel expansion with PRWP has been demonstrated based on experimental investigations. We have also reviewed the shortcomings of the existing models and made an experimental analysis between the previous models and the proposed model. From the analysis, we proved that the proposed method enhances the contrast and maintains both security and reliability.

Optimal Contrast and Size-Invariant Recursive VCS Using Perfect Reconstruction of White Pixels

https://www.techscience.com/csse/v40n2/44474/pdf

Video Identification Based on Watermarking Schemes and Visual Cryptography

Digital image forensics is an emerging research area which focuses on validating the authenticity, integrity of images, and detection of image forgeries. Digital image watermarking and digital signatures are presently used in active digital image forensics, but these methods provide only the authenticity and certain level of integrity and robustness. In this paper, we proposed a new method for active digital image forensics based on visual cryptographic schemes which provide improved authenticity, confidentiality, integrity, and robustness. Here, we have presented an overview of active digital image forensics and visual cryptographic schemes which have been discussed based on several studies. We have also discussed the demerits of the existing model and proposed a new model for image authentication and tampering detection. The proposed method is demonstrated with a simple example.

Authenticity and Integrity Enhanced Active Digital Image Forensics Based on Visual Cryptography

Visual Cryptography (VC) is a type of image secret sharing scheme which decrypts an original secret image with Human Visual System (HVS). In this, the original image can be alienated into n shadows or shares and allocated to n participants; stacking any k shares reveals the secret image which ensures the security measures. In this paper, we examined the recent research advances in black and white VCSs. We reviewed the existing techniques and a comparative study of VC for binary images is presented. The study is performed with respect to different parameters and draws the current barriers related to the visual cryptography schemes.

T. E. Jisha

Papers

Authenticity and Integrity Enhanced Active Digital Image Forensics Based on Visual Cryptography

Recent Research Advances in Black and White Visual Cryptography Schemes.

WiP: Security Enhanced Size Invariant Visual Cryptography with Perfect Reconstruction of White Pixels

Optimal Contrast and Size-Invariant Recursive VCS Using Perfect Reconstruction of White Pixels

Contrast-enhanced visual cryptography schemes based on block pixel patterns