T.H. Klusmeyer

TL;DR: Additional research with cows consuming large amounts of feed are needed to identify combinations of feed ingredients that synchronize availabilities of energy and N for optimizing ruminal digestion, microbial protein synthesis, nutrient flow to the small intestine, and milk production and composition.

TL;DR: Microbial protein constituted a larger portion of the total N and had a greater influence on the pattern and quantity of amino acids that passed to the duodenum than did protein from fish meal or soybean meal, which escaped ruminal degradation.

TL;DR: Four midlactation, multiparous Holstein cows fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used to determine the effects of supplementing urea or starch or both to diets containing fish meal on passage of nutrients to the small intestine and performance of lactating cows.

TL;DR: The profile of fatty acids reaching the intestine may be an important determinant of responses to supplemental fats fed to lactating dairy cows.

TL;DR: Cows fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square to investigate the effects of source and amount of CP on ruminal fermentation, passage of nutrients to the small intestine, and animal performance, suggesting that ruminal NH3 concentration was not limiting for maximal microbial protein synthesis.