Artificial Intelligence-based Solution for Sorting COVID Related Medical Waste Streams and Supporting Data-driven Decisions for Smart Circular Economy Practice

Experts confirm that 85% of the world’s population is expected to live in cities by 2050. Therefore, cities should be prepared to satisfy the needs of their citizens and provide the best services. The idea of a city of the future is commonly represented by the smart city, which is a more efficient system that optimizes its resources and services, through the use of monitoring and communication technology. Thus, one of the steps towards sustainability for cities around the world is to make a transition into smart cities. Here, sensors play an important role in the system, as they gather relevant information from the city, citizens, and the corresponding communication networks that transfer the information in real-time. Although the use of these sensors is diverse, their application can be categorized in six different groups: energy, health, mobility, security, water, and waste management. Based on these groups, this review presents an analysis of different sensors that are typically used in efforts toward creating smart cities. Insights about different applications and communication systems are provided, as well as the main opportunities and challenges faced when making a transition to a smart city. Ultimately, this process is not only about smart urban infrastructure, but more importantly about how these new sensing capabilities and digitization developments improve quality of life. Smarter communities are those that socialize, adapt, and invest through transparent and inclusive community engagement in these technologies based on local and regional societal needs and values. Cyber security disruptions and privacy remain chief vulnerabilities.

Sensors for Sustainable Smart Cities: A Review

Transformation from IoT to IoV for waste management in smart cities

With urbanization, rising income and consumption, the production of waste increases. One of the most important directions in the field of sustainable development is the design and implementation of monitoring and management systems for waste collection and removal. Smart waste management (SWM) involves for example collection and analytics of data from sensors on smart garbage bins (SGBs), management of waste trucks and urban infrastructure; planning and optimization of waste truck routes; etc. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing research in the field of systems, applications, and approaches vis-à-vis the collection and processing of solid waste in SWM systems. To achieve this objective, we performed a systematic literature review. This study consists of 173 primary studies selected for analysis and data extraction from the 3,732 initially retrieved studies from 5 databases. We 1) identified the main approaches and services that are applied in the city and SGB-level SWM systems, 2) listed sensors and actuators and analyzed their application in various types of SWM systems, 3) listed the direct and indirect stakeholders of the SWM systems, 4) identified the types of data shared between the SWM systems and stakeholders, and 5) identified the main promising directions and research gaps in the field of SWM systems. Based on an analysis of the existing approaches, technologies, and services, we developed recommendations for the implementation of city-level and SGB-level SWM systems.

IoT-Enabled Smart Waste Management Systems for Smart Cities: A Systematic Review

Managing and monitoring the wastes (Waste management) is the major problem the governments are facing today. Even though there are adequate number of waste collection bins, many are being overflowed because they are not being monitored properly. The proposed project is to design Smart Bins Which contains NodeMCU to process and send data to MongoDB which includes the bin’s location, whether it’s full or not, serviced or not and the type of bin biodegradable and non-biodegradable. It also includes a dedicated hand held device for municipality drivers operated using Raspberry pi which can be used to interact with the system and find the location of the bins as well as update them. Finally, a monitoring and reporting system is designed for the administrators who can watch over the system and collect monthly reports. In addition to this, a complaint registration system is also designed for the general public to voice their grievances.

IoT Based Smart Waste Management Reporting And Monitoring System

In this paper, we propose a design for segregation and monitoring of waste using Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) in order to manage the waste collection. Smart waste management is essential for maintaining clean environment. Because, now-a-days unorganized and non-systematic waste collection is the major issue in the society. Therefore, in need of solution to collect waste in effective manner. The solution for this problem is given by embedded IoT system that will monitor the amount of waste deposited, for which an integrated platform where segregation and monitoring of waste have been presented. In segregation part, wastes are separated as dry waste and wet waste and in monitoring part, the bins with dry and wet wastes are embedded with sensors and the level of bin is transmitted via IoT. IoT is the system of interrelated computing devices which transfer data without requiring human to human interaction, it also introduce economical solution for massive data collection. The proprietary communication protocol that is used for transmission is MQTT. This protocol is the very light weight protocol used for messaging, designed with embedded systems, sensors and mobile applications in mind.

T.K. Deepalakshmi

Papers

IOT Assisted MQTT for Segregation and Monitoring of Waste for Smart Cities