Dimethyl ether (DME) as an alternative fuel

Bio-ethanol catalytic steam reforming over supported metal catalysts

Catalytic autothermal reforming of methane and propane over supported metal catalysts has been investigated in the present study. The carbon deposition region and the heat balance of the reaction have been determined from the equilibrium calculations. The sequence of the activities of the 2 wt.% metal on alumina support for autothermal reforming of methane was Rh>Pd>Ni>Pt>Co. The catalytic activity of 10 wt.% Ni/Al 2 O 3 was higher than that of the 2 wt.% Rh/Al 2 O 3 . The activity of Ni was significantly lowered by the preferential oxidation of the catalyst in the reactant gas at low temperatures. Although little carbon deposition was observed for the autothermal reforming of methane in the deposition-free region expected from the equilibrium, a large amount of carbon deposition was observed for the propane autothermal reforming even in the steam-rich conditions. The deposited carbon possessed fibrous morphology. The catalytic autothermal reforming appears to be initiated by decomposition of hydrocarbon at the inlet zone; then the reforming reaction subsequently proceeded in the catalyst bed.

Catalytic autothermal reforming of methane and propane over supported metal catalysts

The production of biofuels from renewable sources is a major challenge in research. Methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether (DME), synthetic natural gas (SNG), and hydrogen can be produced from syngas which is the result of the gasification of biomasses. Syngas composition varies according to the gasification technology used (such as fixed bed reactors, fluidized bed reactors, entrained flow reactors), the feedstock characteristics, and the operating parameters. This paper presents a review of the predominant biomass gasification technologies and biofuels obtained from syngas by biomass gasification.

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/4/811/pdf

Biofuels production by biomass gasification: A review

This Review describes recent advances in the design, synthesis, reactivity, selectivity, structural, and electronic properties of the catalysts for reforming of a variety of oxygenates (e.g., from simple monoalcohols to higher polyols, then to sugars, phenols, and finally complicated mixtures like bio-oil). A comprehensive exploration of the structure–activity relationship in catalytic reforming of oxygenates is carried out, assisted by state-of-the-art characterization techniques and computational tools. Critical emphasis has been given on the mechanisms of these heterogeneous-catalyzed reactions and especially on the nature of the active catalytic sites and reaction pathways. Similarities and differences (reaction mechanisms, design and synthesis of catalysts, as well as catalytic systems) in the reforming process of these oxygenates will also be discussed. A critical overview is then provided regarding the challenges and opportunities for research in this area with a focus on the roles that systems of ...

Catalytic Reforming of Oxygenates: State of the Art and Future Prospects.

Catalytic reaction of steam reforming of dimethyl ether (DME) to hydrogen-rich gas was studied in a fixed-bed continuous-flow reactor at a temperature of 200–360°C under atmospheric pressure over a mechanical mixture of catalysts for DME hydration and for methanol steam reforming. It was found that the mechanical mixture of 12-tungstosilicoheteropolyacid deposited on γ-Al 2 O 3 (DME hydration catalyst) and copper deposited on SiO 2 (methanol steam reforming catalyst) provided a 100% DME conversion and hydrogen outlet concentration of ∼71 vol.% at 290°C and GHSV ∼1200 h −1 .

T.M Yurieva

Papers

Production of hydrogen from dimethyl ether