This critical review shows the basis of photocatalytic water splitting and experimental points, and surveys heterogeneous photocatalyst materials for water splitting into H2 and O2, and H2 or O2 evolution from an aqueous solution containing a sacrificial reagent Many oxides consisting of metal cations with d0 and d10 configurations, metal (oxy)sulfide and metal (oxy)nitride photocatalysts have been reported, especially during the latest decade The fruitful photocatalyst library gives important information on factors affecting photocatalytic performances and design of new materials Photocatalytic water splitting and H2 evolution using abundant compounds as electron donors are expected to contribute to construction of a clean and simple system for solar hydrogen production, and a solution of global energy and environmental issues in the future (361 references)

Heterogeneous photocatalyst materials for water splitting

Platinum-based heterogeneous catalysts are critical to many important commercial chemical processes, but their efficiency is extremely low on a per metal atom basis, because only the surface active-site atoms are used. Catalysts with single-atom dispersions are thus highly desirable to maximize atom efficiency, but making them is challenging. Here we report the synthesis of a single-atom catalyst that consists of only isolated single Pt atoms anchored to the surfaces of iron oxide nanocrystallites. This single-atom catalyst has extremely high atom efficiency and shows excellent stability and high activity for both CO oxidation and preferential oxidation of CO in H-2. Density functional theory calculations show that the high catalytic activity correlates with the partially vacant 5d orbitals of the positively charged, high-valent Pt atoms, which help to reduce both the CO adsorption energy and the activation barriers for CO oxidation.

Single-atom catalysis of CO oxidation using Pt1/FeOx

Photoinduced reactivity of titanium dioxide

Metal species with different size (single atoms, nanoclusters, and nanoparticles) show different catalytic behavior for various heterogeneous catalytic reactions. It has been shown in the literature that many factors including the particle size, shape, chemical composition, metal–support interaction, and metal–reactant/solvent interaction can have significant influences on the catalytic properties of metal catalysts. The recent developments of well-controlled synthesis methodologies and advanced characterization tools allow one to correlate the relationships at the molecular level. In this Review, the electronic and geometric structures of single atoms, nanoclusters, and nanoparticles will be discussed. Furthermore, we will summarize the catalytic applications of single atoms, nanoclusters, and nanoparticles for different types of reactions, including CO oxidation, selective oxidation, selective hydrogenation, organic reactions, electrocatalytic, and photocatalytic reactions. We will compare the results o...

Metal Catalysts for Heterogeneous Catalysis: From Single Atoms to Nanoclusters and Nanoparticles.

Ordered mesoporous materials in catalysis

Study of the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. i. catalytic behavior r of tin(iv) oxide-phosphorus(v) oxide

Azimuthal dependence of Auger electron spectra observed with a cylindrical mirror analyzer for Si single crystal and amorphous surfaces

Dampfphasen-synth. von essigsaeureaethylester aus aethylen und eisessig

New diffuse reflectance spectrometer in the infrared region was made to eliminate the emission spectrum, and emissionless spectra of powder CaCO3 were measured in the temperature range from room temperature to 450°C.

Tadashi Hattori

Papers

Study of the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. i. catalytic behavior r of tin(iv) oxide-phosphorus(v) oxide

Azimuthal dependence of Auger electron spectra observed with a cylindrical mirror analyzer for Si single crystal and amorphous surfaces

Dampfphasen-synth. von essigsaeureaethylester aus aethylen und eisessig

Emissionless diffuse reflectance ir spectroscopy at high temperature