A solid oxide fuel cell (10) comprises a solid electrolyte layer (30), a barrier layer (40), and a cathode (50) The cathode (50) includes a cathode current collecting layer (51) and a cathode active layer (52) The cathode active layer (52) includes a plurality of micro-cracks (SL) in an interface region (52a) within a predetermined distance (Da) from the interface (P2) between the cathode current collecting layer (51) and the cathode active layer (52)

Solid-oxide fuel cell

Encoded transmission and reception which reduces time side lobe are realized while suppressing increase of circuit scale. Transmission signals corresponding to a composite modulation code sequence composed from two or more modulation code sequences are outputted as transmission signals. A reception means demodulates reception signals stepwise by two or more demodulators. The demodulator can be thereby divided into two or more stages, and therefore with a circuit scale corresponding to the sum of the operation circuit numbers of two or more demodulators, time side lobe reduction effect can be obtained at a level equivalent to that obtainable with a circuit scale corresponding to the product of the operation circuit numbers of two or more demodulators.

Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus

A treatment instrument for an endoscope includes: a front end hood that is provided to a distal end of an inserting portion of the endoscope; a supporting member that is provided inside the front end hood; a treatment member that is rotatably supported by the supporting member; and an operating wire that is coupled to the treatment member and extended rearwardly from the front end hood. The treatment member is rotated about the supporting member by operating to extract and retract the operating wire at a base side of the endoscope.

Treatment instrument for endoscope

It is an object of the present invention to provide a cardiovascular information measurement system capable of performing an accurate blood pressure measurement and calculating an accurate cardiovascular index in consideration of the pulsation of a blood vessel wall To achieve this object, the cardiovascular information measurement system includes ultrasonic transducer groups (4 a, 4 b) for simultaneously detecting sectional shapes (3 a, 3 b) of two arterial portions, a cross-sectional area calculation unit (5) for calculating cross-sectional areas of the two arterial portions on the basis of the detected sectional shapes, a flow velocity calculation unit (6) for calculating an average blood flow velocity in an artery on the basis of the cross-sectional areas calculated by the cross-sectional area calculation unit (5), a pulse wave velocity calculation unit (7) for calculating a pulse wave propagation velocity between the two arterial portions in accordance with time changes in the detected sectional shapes of the two arterial portions, a relative blood pressure calculation unit (8) for calculating a relative blood pressure value to a reference blood pressure value obtained in a specific time phase, on the basis of the calculated blood flow velocity and the calculated pulse wave propagation velocity, and an absolute blood pressure calculation unit (10) for calculating an absolute blood pressure value on the basis of the relative blood pressure value and the reference blood pressure value obtained in the specific time phase and measured in advance

Cardiovascular information measurement system

A system and method for opto-acoustic tissue and lesion assessment in real time on one or more of the following tissue characteristics: tissue thickness, lesion progression, lesion width, steam pop, and char formation, system includes an ablation element, laser delivery means, and an acoustic sensor. The invention involves irradiating tissue undergoing ablation treatment to create acoustic waves that have a temporal profile which can be recorded and analyzed by acoustic sampling hardware for reconstructing a cross-sectional aspect of the irradiated tissue. The ablation element (e.g., RF ablation), laser delivery means and acoustic sensor are configured to interact with a tissue surface from a common orientation; that is, these components are each generally facing the tissue surface such that the direction of irradiation and the direction of acoustic detection are generally opposite to each other, where the stress waves induced by the laser-induced heating of the tissue below the surface are reflected back to the tissue surface.

Real-time optoacoustic monitoring with electrophysiologic catheters

PURPOSE:To reduce the diameter of an inserting part and to miniaturize an ultrasonic diagnostic device by providing electrodes on a facing rotor and stator and providing an electrostatic motor, which impresses a voltage to these electrodes and moves the rotor, in the tip part of the inserting part. CONSTITUTION:An electrostatic motor 10 is composed of a stator 8 fixed to the tip part of an inserting part 4, and rotor 9 facing to this stator 8. In the stator 8, plural electrodes 8 are provided and these electrodes are formed by aluminium, etc., between first and second insulating layers 8b and 8c. In the rotor 9, plural electrodes 9d are provided between first and second insulating layers 8b and 9c. When the voltage is impressed between electrodes C and (c) in a state the electrode B of the stator 8 is correspondent to an electrode (b) of the rotor 9, the electrodes C and (c) are mutually attracted and the rotor 9 is moved to a side where the electrode B is arranged. This operation is successively repeated and the rotor 9 is moved in the axial direction of the inserting part 4. With this movement of the rotor 9, an ultrasonic vibrator 12 fixed to the rotor 9 is moved and the echo having a different cross section is received by the ultrasonic vibrator 12.

Ultrasonic diagnostic device

Drying device for endoscope

PURPOSE:To insulate the outside peripheral surface of an operating pipe and to secure the electrical safety by applying ceramic coating to the outer peripheral surface of the operating pipe connected to an electrode through a conductive line. CONSTITUTION:At the time of using a hot biopsy forceps 1, a handle 10 is connected at the time of insertion 2, and in a state that an endoscope is inserted into a body-cavity, a slider 54 is moved backward against an operating part main body and a cup 18 is closed, a high frequency current is applied through an operating wire 28 and a connecting member 14, and the gripped ecological tissue is cauterized and respected by an electrode 26. On the inside surface of this cup 18, an insulating part 24 is formed, therefore, a focus part of a polyp top part is not burnt, and a pathological examination can be executed surely. Also, since the surface of an operating pipe 40 of the handle 10 is subjected to ceramic coating 41, even if a surgical operator touches it with a finger, etc., there is no fear that he receives an electric shock, and the medical treatment can be executed safely.

High frequency treating implement

PURPOSE:To improve functionality of fistula formation and to make invasion characteristics to an organ by providing a part with high biocompatibility on the outer periphery of one end of a hollow tube for fistulation and forming a part with low biocompatibility on the outer periphery of the other end. CONSTITUTION:A fistula forming tube 1 is constituted of a fistula tube main body 2 in a hollow tube shape and a ceramic coating part 3 formed on the outer periphery of one end and the main body 2 is formed of a member with low biocompatibility and the coating part 3 is formed of a ceramic substance with high biocompatibility. The fistula tube 1 is inserted in an organism 4, for example, the gal bladder from the end where the coating 3 is formed by means of a hole-making means such as a tracal and is detained there. By doing so, as the part from the skin 6 to the gal bladder 5 is a part with low biocompatibility, formation of the fistula 7 on the outer periphery is accelerated. On the other hand, as the part which is brought into contact with the coating part 3 is formed of a substance with good biocompatibility, it is possible to induce bad influence on tissues and internal organs where invasion is a problem such as the gal bladder to be less.

Fistula forming tube

PURPOSE:To prevent a fiber from breaking without increasing the frictional resistance between the fiber and a sheath tube which covers a light guide and an image guide by forming a watertight oil layer on the outer surface of the sheath tube. CONSTITUTION:An observation is taken through an ocular part 5 while the insertion part 2 consisting of a curving part 20 and a tip part 9 incorporating a light guide 8 and an image guide 11 equipped with an objective 10 is operated by a knob 3 for curving operation. The light guide 8 and image guide 11 are fixed by ferrules 13 and 17 and sheath tubes 14 and 18 and outer surfaces of the tubes 14 and 18 are coated with watertight oil materials 21 and 23. Therefore, even when an endoscope 1 is dipped in disimfectant liquid, neither vapor not water enters the sheath tubes, so tube internal surfaces and fiber bundle external surfaces come into tight contact with each other to prevent a fiber from breaking when curved without increasing the frictional resistance of antifriction composition between both surfaces.

Takara Toshiyuki

Papers

Ultrasonic diagnostic device

Drying device for endoscope

High frequency treating implement

Fistula forming tube

Sheathing device for fiber bundle for endoscope