Steels for bearings

Microstructure-sensitive computational modeling of fatigue crack formation

Fatigue life of additively manufactured Ti–6Al–4V in the very high cycle fatigue regime

This article extensively reviews published research on inclusions in ingot steel and defects on ingot products, methods to measure and detect inclusions in steel, the causes of exogenous inclusions, and the transport and entrapment of inclusions during fluid flow, segregation, and solidification of steel cast in ingot molds. Exogenous inclusions in ingots originate mainly from reoxidation of the molten steel, slag entrapment, and lining erosion, which are detailed in this article. The measures to prevent the formation of exogenous inclusions and improve their removal are provided, which are very useful for the clean steel production of ingot industries.

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State of the art in the control of inclusions during steel ingot casting

Safe life and damage tolerance aspects of railway axles – A review

Corrosion fatigue property was investigated for quenched and tempered carbon steel and Cr-Mo steel under rotating bending in 3% NaCl aqueous solution at frequencies from 0.03 to 30 Hz and for test duration up to 10000 hours. Fatigue behaviour was found similar for the two steels: fatigue strength was monotonously decreased with increasing number of cycles and decreasing test frequency without presenting tendency of stabilization. The acquired data could be fitted by a simple hypothetical equation, log σ=A+(β/m)log f - k log(1+αt)-(1/m)log N where σ, N, f, t are stress, number of cycles, frequency, and test duration, respectively, and the other constants.

Corrosion fatigue property and frequency effect of low alloy steels in salt water under rotatig bending.

This report will reveal a series of fatigue test results for high-strength steels at 100 Hz and 20 kHz and discuss frequency effects on gigacycle fatigue properties. The 20 kHz fatigue testing machine is an effective tool to conduct gigacycle fatigue tests in a reasonable term, while frequency effects have to be carefully investigated before applying the machine. The fatigue tests were conducted for two kinds of high-strength steels, that were a low-alloy steel and a spring steel. These fatigue test results showed that the frequency effects were negligible even at 20 kHz in case of fish-eye fracture. The fatigue properties in the fish-eye fracture region showed a good agreement between the 100 Hz and 20 kHz tests. Besides, ODAs (Optically Dark Areas) were also observed on the fracture surface even in 20 kHz tests and no difference was found in the ODA sizes between the 100 Hz and 20 kHz tests. These results meant that the 20 kHz tests could provide us appropriate results at least in the fish-eye fracture region. Therefore, the 20 kHz tests were applicable on the evaluation of gigacycle fatigue properties in high-strength steels.Copyright © 2004 by ASME

Takayuki Abe

Papers

Corrosion fatigue property and frequency effect of low alloy steels in salt water under rotatig bending.

Frequency Effects on Gigacycle Fatigue Properties of High-Strength Steels