Measuring Health: A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires

国際生活機能分類(International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: ICF)にみた福祉・保健・医療の専門職協働における連携に関する貢献と課題

A significant and core text in occupational therapy for more than 8 years, Dr Ann Wilcock's revolutionary "An Occupational Perspective of Health" has been updated and enhanced into a much-anticipated Second Edition This unique text that examines the relationship between occupation, health, and ill-health explores the occupational experience within populations and offers more information critical to the practice of occupational therapy Based on extensive studies of human history and occupation, Dr Wilcock takes a holistic approach of health in line with that of the World Health Organization, examining the necessity for occupational therapists and their role in promoting health and well-being for all people "An Occupational Perspective of Health" uncovers a different way to understand health by exploring the physical, social, mental, environmental, and spiritual dimensions that lead to or result from occupation Dr Wilcock takes a global perspective by approaching health from this angle, rather than just considering medical or social factors The text considers the growth, development, and enhancement potential of involvement This valuable resource supports and explains the historical and rational foundations of the advancing field of occupational therapy, by showing the link between occupation and existence Addressed in this edition are: a conceptualization of health in the past, present, and future; the role of occupation in human life, health, and survival; occupation as a positive or negative influence on well-being; the potential contribution of occupational therapy to current WHO public/population health objectives; and possible action for OTs to become recognized as health-promoting professionals at population levels Clinicians and students of occupational therapy, as well as other professionals working in public health, will benefit from and relate to this admired and essential text

An Occupational Perspective of Health

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Multivariate Data Analysis With Readings

Michel Foucault takes the reader on a serendipitous journey in tracing the history of madness from the 16th to the 18th centuries. Utilizing original documents, the author recreates the mood, the place, and the proper perspective in the history of madness. Madness or folly is viewed as part of the human condition and to be examined and illuminated through one of its many facets. At the end of the Middle Ages madness was seen either as a tragic or comic phenomenon. The Renaissance, with Erasmus' Praise of Folly , demonstrated how imagination and its derivatives were to thinkers of that day. The French Revolution introduced the so-called medical approach. Madness is a ubiquitous phenomenon that has common roots not only in medicine but in poetry and tragedy. Shakespeare brilliantly describes psychological phenomena with even greater clarity than Tuke or Wills. The author weaves a fascinating history showing the changing pattern of

Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason.

OBJECTIVE. This study investigated the effects of cerebral palsy (CP) and gender on youth participation in activities outside of formal school. 

METHOD. Twenty-two participants with CP and 30 typically developing peers, ages 12�16 years, completed the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE; King et al., 2004). 

RESULTS. Typically developing youths engaged in a broader range of activities and did so more frequently than did youths with CP. Similar levels of enjoyment in activity were found in both groups. In some scales of the CAPE, youths with CP participated in proportionally more activities alone and at home. Gender differences and Group ×Gender interaction were found in some scales with respect to participation in and enjoyment of activities. 

CONCLUSIONS. Physical limitations associated with CP may affect the frequency of a child's participation in activity outside of school. However, youths with CP may express levels of enjoyment similar to those of typically developing peers while participating in activity

/pdf/differences-in-patterns-of-participation-between-youths-with-1xzqsyc52j.pdf

Differences in Patterns of Participation Between Youths With Cerebral Palsy and Typically Developing Peers

Background. Photovoice is a participatory action research method combining photography and group work to give people an opportunity to record and reflect on their daily lives.Purpose. To review the use of Photovoice in health research and consider the implications for occupational therapy research.Methods. Literature review, guided by a scoping framework, reveals the purposes, rationales and populations with whom Photovoice has been used.Findings. From 351 documents retrieved, 191 original studies were surveyed; 68% were peer-reviewed. The majority of studies (76%) occurred within the public health domain and a smaller percentage (24%) with individuals experiencing a specific illness and/or disability, with very few (2%) documented in the occupational therapy literature.Implications. Photovoice provides a useful framework to apply a participant-centred research approach on occupational participation. It is important to consider and further examine ethical and methodological issues related to stigma, physi...

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.2182/cjot.2012.79.3.8

A scoping review of the Photovoice method: implications for occupational therapy research.

Background and Purpose: Adult participants benefit more from external focus than internal focus when learning a new motor skill. Because learners from different age groups use different learning strategies, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the effect of attention focus varies among children and adults.

Subjects and Methods: Thirty-four children and 32 adults were randomly assigned to internal or external focus-of-attention practice groups. Throwing darts toward a static target, participants performed 50 acquisition trials, 20 retention trials, and 20 transfer trials.

Results: The results indicate that focus of attention varies between children and adults in accuracy and variability in the acquisition phase and in accuracy in the transfer phase. No interactions were found in the retention phase.

Discussion and Conclusion: The findings suggest that external focus is more effective than internal focus in adults; therefore, physical therapists should instruct adult clients to focus their attention externally to facilitate motor learning. Physical therapists working with children should perhaps direct the client's attention internally; however, further study is needed.

/pdf/effect-of-focus-of-attention-and-age-on-motor-acquisition-24ykg0rfuk.pdf

Effect of Focus of Attention and Age on Motor Acquisition, Retention, and Transfer: A Randomized Trial

Participation patterns of school-aged children with and without DCD

Purpose. To develop and test the psychometric properties of a parent-reported questionnaire measuring participation of preschool children (Children Participation Questionnaire; CPQ) aged 4–6 years in their everyday activities.Methods. Reliability was tested by Cronbach's α and by test–retest. Construct validity was computed by known group differences analysis. Convergent and divergent validities were calculated by correlation with the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale (VABS). Two hundred thirty-one children with mild to moderate developmental disabilities (mean age 5.16 ± 0.66 years old) were compared to 249 children without disability (mean age 5.13 ± 0.72 years old).Results. The CPQ has good internal reliability. Cronbach's α for the participation measures ranged between 0.79 and 0.90, indicating good homogeneity. The temporal stability of the CPQ was supported with intra-class correlations ranging from 0.71 to 1.00. Significant differences were found between children with and without disabilities in al...

https://osot.ubc.ca/files/2010/09/Development-and-initial-validation-of-the-Child-Participation-Questionnaire.pdf?origin=publication_detail

Tal Jarus

Papers

Differences in Patterns of Participation Between Youths With Cerebral Palsy and Typically Developing Peers

A scoping review of the Photovoice method: implications for occupational therapy research.

Effect of Focus of Attention and Age on Motor Acquisition, Retention, and Transfer: A Randomized Trial

Participation patterns of school-aged children with and without DCD

Development and initial validation of the Children Participation Questionnaire (CPQ)