Pedagosko i psiholosko testiranje i procjenjivanje spadaju među najvažnije doprinose znanosti o ponasanju nasem drustvu i pružaju temeljna i znacajna poboljsanja u odnosu na ranije postupke. Iako se ne može ustvrditi da su svi testovi dovoljno usavrseni niti da su sva testiranja razborita i korisna, postoji velika kolicina informacija koje ukazuju na ucinkovitost kvalitetnih instrumenata u onim situacijama u kojima je njihovo koristenje potkrijepljeno validacijskim podacima. Pravilna upotreba testova može dovesti do boljih odluka o pojedincima i programima nego sto bi to bio slucaj bez njihovog koristenja, a također i ukazati na put za siri i pravedniji pristup obrazovanju i zaposljavanju. Međutim, losa upotreba testova može dovesti do zamjetne stete nanesene ispitanicima i drugim sudionicima u procesu donosenja odluka na temelju testovnih podataka. Cilj Standarda je promoviranje kvalitetne i eticne upotrebe testova te uspostavljanje osnovice za ocjenu kvalitete postupaka testiranja. Svrha objavljivanja Standarda je uspostavljanje kriterija za evaluaciju testova, provedbe testiranja i posljedica upotrebe testova. Iako bi evaluacija prikladnosti testa ili njegove primjene trebala ovisiti prvenstveno o strucnim misljenjima, Standardi pružaju okvir koji osigurava obuhvacanje svih relevantnih pitanja. Bilo bi poželjno da svi autori, sponzori, nakladnici i korisnici profesionalnih testova usvoje Standarde te da poticu druge da ih također prihvate.

Standards for educational and psychological testing

A wide variety of media can be used in learning, including distance learning, such as print, lectures, conference sections, tutors, pictures, video, sound, and computers. Any one instance of distance learning will make choices among these media, perhaps using several.

Multimedia in Learning

A method for enhancing operational efficiency of a remote vehicle using a diagnostic behavior. The method comprises inputting and analyzing data received from a plurality of sensors to determine the existence of deviations from normal operation of the remote vehicle, updating parameters in a reference mobility model based on deviations from normal operation, and revising strategies to achieve an operational goal of the remote vehicle to accommodate deviations from normal operation. An embedded simulation and training system for a remote vehicle. The system comprises a software architecture installed on the operator control unit and including software routines and drivers capable of carrying out mission simulations and training.

Autonomous Behaviors for a Remote Vehicle

技術解説 IEEE Computer

A survey of the use of crowdsourcing in software engineering

A method of determining a path having an ordered set of waypoints to be visited by a mobile agent to accomplish a mission includes: producing candidate paths using a multi-objective optimization algorithm, subject to a path production heuristic; selecting a path from the candidate paths, subject to a path selection heuristic; instructing the mobile agent to move according to the selected path; modifying a maintained subset of the candidate paths to produce a new candidate path using the algorithm and subject to the path production heuristic; designating either the currently-selected path or the new candidate path as the newly-selected path, subject to the path selection heuristic; and instructing the mobile agent to move according to the newly-selected path The method may further include iterating production of new candidate paths, either randomly or based on modifications of previous candidate paths, to continually update an operation plan for the mobile agent

Vehicle routing and path planning

Genetic algorithms are applied to an important, but little-investigated, network design problem, that of reconfiguring the topology and link capacities of an operational network to adapt to changes in its operating conditions These conditions include: which nodes and links are unavailable; the traffic patterns; and the quality of service (QoS) requirements and priorities of different users and applications Dynamic reconfiguration is possible in networks that contain links whose endpoints can be easily changed, such as satellite channels or terrestrial wireless connections We report results that demonstrate the feasibility of performing genetic search quickly enough for online adaptation

Adaptive reconfiguration of data networks using genetic algorithms

Game-based training offers great potential for providing low-cost training systems for learning cognitive and procedural skills within the U.S. Navy. We introduce an effort, sponsored by the Office of Naval Research, to harness, apply and harden this capability by creating validated training games for the Navy. Over the period of fourteen months, our multi-disciplinary team collaborated to develop and validate a flooding control training game to help students at the U.S. Navy Recruit Training Command (RTC) learn to be better sailors. The Flooding Control Trainer (FCT) provides individual training within the simulated interior of an Arleigh-Burke class destroyer. The trainer reinforces damage control skills that the recruits have been exposed to in lectures, but which they have not had a chance to practice in context. In developing the trainer, we focused on both the specific application domain as well as the design methods required to ensure that the trainer was based on relevant learning objectives, incorporated a strong narrative, used an instructional strategy and a game play style that were complementary, and contained embedded assessment capabilities. The FCT is based on the open-source Delta3D engine. To support effective training, we augmented the engine with a task-based instructional infrastructure and a variety of feedback mechanisms, including real-time guidance and feedback as well as after-action debrief. We conducted several empirical tests of the product, including a usability study and a learning validation study using the target recruit population as subjects. The results indicate that the FCT is usable, wellreceived by recruits and produces a significant improvement in performance across a range of cognitive and procedural skills, including situational awareness, communications, navigation and decision-making. We present our approach, describe the training game design, discuss the studies conducted and their results, and discuss next steps to create Navy training games for use beyond RTC.

Designing and Developing Effective Training Games for the US Navy

POIROT is an integration framework for combining machine learning mechanisms to learn hierarchical models of web services procedures from a single or very small set of demonstration examples. The system is organized around a shared representation language for communications with a central hypothesis blackboard. Component learning systems share semantic representations of their hypotheses (generalizations) and inferences about demonstration traces. To further the process, components may generate learning goals for other learning components. POIROT's learners or hypothesis formers develop workflows that include order dependencies, subgoals, and decision criteria for selecting or prioritizing subtasks and service parameters. Hypothesis evaluators, guided by POIROT's meta-control component, plan experiments to confirm or disconfirm hypotheses extracted from these learning products. Collectively, they create methods that POIROT can use to reproduce the demonstration and solve similar problems. After its first phase of development, POIROT has demonstrated it can learn some moderately complex hierarchical task models from semantic traces of user-generated service transaction sequences at a level that is approaching human performance on the same learning task.

/pdf/poirot-integrated-learning-of-web-service-procedures-33d40nrbts.pdf

Talib S. Hussain

Papers

Vehicle routing and path planning

Adaptive reconfiguration of data networks using genetic algorithms

Designing and Developing Effective Training Games for the US Navy

Adaptive reconfiguration of data networks using genetic algorithms

POIROT: integrated learning of web service procedures