Production of bricks from waste materials – A review

Bauxite residue issues: II. options for residue utilization

https://asopa.typepad.com/files/geopolymerization.pdf

Production of eco-friendly bricks from copper mine tailings through geopolymerization

Red mud or bauxite residue is a solid waste generated from the Bayer process. The disposal of red mud leads to a serious environmental threat because of its tiny particle size and high alkaline value. The utilisation and recycling of red mud is currently a crucial issue and needs to be addressed as soon as possible. This study demonstrates the different methods and techniques recently analysed or suggested for the consumption of bulk red mud to maintain a sustainable environment. The potential utilisations of red mud include valuable metal recovery, the preparation of construction materials and as an alternative catalyst for diverse processes, including hydrodechlorination, hydrogenation and hydrocarbon oxidation. In addition, the red mud can also be used to control environmental pollution, such as in wastewater treatment, soil remediation and the puriﬁcation of flue gas. However, the proper utilisation and recycling of red mud has a number of shortcomings: pyro-metallurgical recovery involves high energy costs; large volumes of acid by-product needing to be neutralised after the leaching process; the fine particle size of red mud; and the necessity of pre-treatment in some methods. Although many studies have investigated the potential utilisation of red mud, most of them have concentrated on lab-scale studies. Therefore, a large-scale investigation of the recycling and utilisation of red mud needs to be explored. Moreover, an appropriate cost-benefit analysis of the existing technologies needs to be examined in the future because of the high cost of the transportation of a large amount of red mud from alumina refineries to the point of application.

The composition, recycling and utilisation of Bayer red mud

Red mud is a by-product of bauxite processing through Bayer process. The amount of red mud generated depends largely on the type of ore used and the processing. Use of red mud as a catalyst can be a good alternative to the existing commercial catalysts. Its properties such as iron content in form of ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), high surface area, sintering resistance , resistance to poisoning and low cost make it an attractive potential catalyst for many reactions. Besides red mud, ferric ion sludge from wastewater treatment plant has also been studied for its catalytic properties, mainly due to its ferric oxide constituent. This paper reviews the studies on red mud as a catalyst. The catalyst characteristics, reaction mechanisms involved and performance are examined and compared with iron oxide catalyst and commercial catalysts.

Catalytic applications of red mud, an aluminium industry waste: A review

Use of boron waste as a fluxing agent in production of red mud brick

An experimental study and WinXCom calculations on X-ray photon characteristics of Bi2O3- and Sb2O3-added waste soda-lime-silica glass

Monte Carlo simulation on shielding properties of neutron-gamma from 252Cf source for Alumino-Boro-Silicate glasses

Investigation on the physical properties, shielding parameters, glass formation ability, and cost analysis for waste soda-lime-silica (SLS) glass containing SrO

Taner Kavas

Papers

Use of boron waste as a fluxing agent in production of red mud brick

An experimental study and WinXCom calculations on X-ray photon characteristics of Bi2O3- and Sb2O3-added waste soda-lime-silica glass

Monte Carlo simulation on shielding properties of neutron-gamma from 252Cf source for Alumino-Boro-Silicate glasses

Investigation on the physical properties, shielding parameters, glass formation ability, and cost analysis for waste soda-lime-silica (SLS) glass containing SrO

Optical, elastic, and radiation shielding properties of Bi2O3-PbO-B2O3 glass system: A role of SnO2 addition