There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

A review on carbon nanotubes and graphene as fillers in reinforced polymer nanocomposites

Neuromorphic computing has come to refer to a variety of brain-inspired computers, devices, and models that contrast the pervasive von Neumann computer architecture This biologically inspired approach has created highly connected synthetic neurons and synapses that can be used to model neuroscience theories as well as solve challenging machine learning problems The promise of the technology is to create a brain-like ability to learn and adapt, but the technical challenges are significant, starting with an accurate neuroscience model of how the brain works, to finding materials and engineering breakthroughs to build devices to support these models, to creating a programming framework so the systems can learn, to creating applications with brain-like capabilities In this work, we provide a comprehensive survey of the research and motivations for neuromorphic computing over its history We begin with a 35-year review of the motivations and drivers of neuromorphic computing, then look at the major research areas of the field, which we define as neuro-inspired models, algorithms and learning approaches, hardware and devices, supporting systems, and finally applications We conclude with a broad discussion on the major research topics that need to be addressed in the coming years to see the promise of neuromorphic computing fulfilled The goals of this work are to provide an exhaustive review of the research conducted in neuromorphic computing since the inception of the term, and to motivate further work by illuminating gaps in the field where new research is needed

A Survey of Neuromorphic Computing and Neural Networks in Hardware.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/5/31324/01456901.pdf

Microelectronic circuits

We have reviewed the humidity sensors based on ceramic materials. We first discuss the operating principle of ceramic humidity sensors. This is followed by a section on the relationship between the conduction mechanism and microstructure characteristics of the sensing elements of ceramic humidity sensors. This part of the review is also focused on the methods for optimization of the microstructure of ceramic porous elements. The next section summarizes the information on the materials used for the ceramic humidity sensors fabrication and effect of dopants or hybrid compositions on the sensing ceramic-based materials. Then we analyze state-of-the-art techniques for producing ceramic sensors. The key research and technological challenges in the field are discussed at the end of the review. The review is based on 424 references published during from 1998–2013.

Recent trends of ceramic humidity sensors development: A review

Career adaptability of international hospitality management students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Focus on the role of language communication competence

The use of renewable energy-based converters is continuously increasing in modern power systems which inject voltage harmonics in the line. In this work, a novel, simple technique based on a binary (on/off) control of an analog switch is proposed to measure reactive current and reactive power. This method eliminates the requirement of finding sin(<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\phi $ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and its multiplication with the current signal in reactive power computation. The proposed transducer gives a dc signal proportional to the reactive current of a power system, i.e., <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>sin(<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\phi $ </tex-math></inline-formula>), which is suitable for static VAr compensator (SVC) applications. This transducer output is sufficient as the terminal voltage is common for the measurement as well as for the compensation current. Thus, the required current of SVC for compensation is equal to or proportional to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>sin(<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\phi $ </tex-math></inline-formula>). Moreover, voltage harmonics are common in a power system. These harmonics affect the measurement of fundamental reactive power. This method eliminates the need for voltage measurement and hence the measurement is independent of the harmonics of the voltage, which reduces the measurement error. The proposed method is proved mathematically, and its performance is successfully validated through simulation analysis and hardware implementation. The advantages of the proposed technique are linearity of the transducer output, simple working, inexpensive hardware realization, fast response, and online measurement capability. The response time of the transducer is one cycle of supply voltage which is suitable for SVC applications.

Voltage Independent Reactive Current Based Sensor for Static VAr Control Applications

Milk is an essential food item for all age groups. It contains nutrients like fat, protein, carbohydrates, Vitamin and minerals. Unfortunately, adulteration in milk is a very common practice. Milk adulterants pose serious health problems. In developing countries like India, a significant percentage of total production is handled by unorganized sectors like milkmen, local vendors and middlemen. Various conventional milk quality testing techniques require huge sample sizes and are expensive hence only suitable for industrial applications. Capacitive sensing has the potential to test the quality of milk using a very small sample size. In this work, our motivation was to develop a compact, cost-effective and drop-based non-contact capacitive sensor for milk quality testing. This paper presents the fabrication of a parallel plate capacitive sensor using copper-cladded PCB for milk quality testing. Experiments are conducted on packaged full-fat and skimmed milk after adulteration with different volumes of tap water. The change in capacitance values due to the interaction of sample droplets with a uniform electric field between electrodes is recorded using the AD7150 Evaluation board. This system detects adulteration in terms of capacitance peaks. The shift in capacitance values obtained for pure full-fat milk, pure skimmed milk and pure water are 20.238 fF, 20.33 fF and 40 fF respectively. For each adulterated test sample, the shift in peaks lying between pure milk and pure water shows an increasing trend with an increase in the percentage of water adulterant.

Capacitive Droplet Sensing for Milk Quality Analysis

Heatline visualization in hydromagnetic natural convection flow inside a prismatic heat exchanger using nanofluid

Seam strength is critical in achieving the proper and adequate quality seam, which eventually determines the overall quality of any garment. The target of this research was to investigate exactly how different stitch density affected seam strength for different stitch types. Commercially available, 100% cotton plain weave structured woven fabric with mass per unit area of 270 g/m2 was used in this analysis. Two different stitch types, such as lock stitch (ISO#301) and chain stitch (ISO#401), along with four stitch densities like 8, 10, 12 and 14 per inch were utilized. The seam strength of the prepared samples was determined using a tensile strength tester followed by the ASTM D1683 standard procedure. The impact of independent variables on superimposed seam strength was statistically analyzed using a regression correlation with the help of SPSS software to construct a regression equation to predict seam strength before the manufacturing process. The study found a non-linear relationship between seam strength and stitch density. When the stitch density is too low, the seam strength is shown low as well, because the cloth cannot be held under tensile load. In a very compact woven fabric, structural jamming or intrinsic puckering occurs if it is too high. As a result, the best stitch density should be chosen to achieve the best seam strength. This study will help the manufacturers choose a suitable SPI for lock and chain stitches from polynomial regression equations before the sewing production of cotton woven fabric, which was not predicted by any researcher before. Therefore, the optimum stitch density can be chosen using regression equations to get the best result for seam strength.

Tarikul Islam

Papers

Career adaptability of international hospitality management students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Focus on the role of language communication competence

Voltage Independent Reactive Current Based Sensor for Static VAr Control Applications

Capacitive Droplet Sensing for Milk Quality Analysis

Heatline visualization in hydromagnetic natural convection flow inside a prismatic heat exchanger using nanofluid

Seam Strength Prediction for Different Stitch Types Considering Stitch Density of Cotton Woven Fabrics