The predominant emphasis on harmful effects of environmental stresses on growth of woody plants has obscured some very beneficial effects of such stresses. Slowly increasing stresses may induce physiological adjustment that protects plants from the growth inhibition and/or injury that follow when environmental stresses are abruptly imposed. In addition, short exposures of woody plants to extreme environmental conditions at critical times in their development often improve growth. Furthermore, maintaining harvested seedlings and plant products at very low temperatures extends their longevity. Drought tolerance: Seedlings previously exposed to water stress often undergo less inhibition of growth and other processes following transplanting than do seedlings not previously exposed to such stress. Controlled wetting and drying cycles often promote early budset, dormancy, and drought tolerance. In many species increased drought tolerance following such cycles is associated with osmotic adjustment that ...

Acclimation and adaptive responses of woody plants to environmental stresses

目的 探讨CD25单抗在无血缘关系造血干细胞移植（UHSCT）中对干细胞植入和移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）的作用。方法 27例UHCST中，移植后1、4d给予CD25单抗1mg/kg。结果 27例中，除1例早期死亡外，26例患者造血全部重建。17例发生急性GVHD，其中Ⅱ度以上急性GVHD6例（23％）。复发3例，严重感染3例。26例可评价患者中，19例无病生存（73％）。结论 CD25单抗在UHSCT中对保证干细胞植入和预防GVHD有肯定的作用，白血病复发并不增加。此研究为UHCST和HLA不合的造血干细胞移植提供一个可选择的途径。

Virus diseases that have emerged in the past two decades limit the production of important vegetable crops in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions worldwide, and many of the causal viruses are transmitted by whiteflies (order Hemiptera, family Aleyrodidae). Most of these whitefly-transmitted viruses are begomoviruses (family Geminiviridae), although whiteflies are also vectors of criniviruses, ipomoviruses, torradoviruses, and some carlaviruses. Factors driving the emergence and establishment of whitefly-transmitted diseases include genetic changes in the virus through mutation and recombination, changes in the vector populations coupled with polyphagy of the main vector, Bemisia tabaci, and long distance traffic of plant material or vector insects due to trade of vegetables and ornamental plants. The role of humans in increasing the emergence of virus diseases is obvious, and the effect that climate change may have in the future is unclear.

Emerging Virus Diseases Transmitted by Whiteflies

ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetics of Sensitivity to Environmental Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Control by Day Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Control of floral evocation and morphogenesis

The control of floral evocation and morphogenesis

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) has an unusual flowering mechanism, diurnally synchronous protogynous dichogamy, that promotes crosspollination among avocado genotypes. In commercial groves, which usually contain pollinizer rows adjacent to the more desirable commercial cultivars, the rate of outcrossing has been measured with variable results. Using microsatellite markers, we estimated outcrossing in a commercial California 'Hass' avocado orchard with adjacent 'Bacon' pollinizers. Seedlings grown from mature harvested fruit of both cultivars were genotyped with five fully informative microsatellite markers and their parentage determined. Among the 919 seedlings of 'Hass', 688 (75%) were hybrids with 'Bacon'; the remaining 231 (25%) seedlings were selfs of 'Hass'. Among the 850 seedlings of 'Bacon', 382 (45%) were hybrids with 'Hass' and the remaining 468 (55%) seedlings were selfs of 'Bacon'. The high outcrossing rate observed in the 'Hass' seedlings was expected, because adjacent rows of opposite flowering types (A versus B) are expected to outcross. However, the high selfing rate in 'Bacon' was unexpected. A previous study in Florida using the cultivars 'Simmonds' and 'Tonnage' demonstrated differences in outcrossing rates between complementary flowering type cultivars. In both Florida and California, the A type parents ('Hass' and 'Simmonds') had similar outcrossing rates ('75%); however, the B type parents ('Bacon' and 'Tonnage'') had highly skewed outcrossing rates of 45% and 96%, respectively. Two new avocado lethal mutants were discovered among the selfed seedlings of 'Hass' and 'Bacon'. These were labeled ''spindly'' and ''gnarly'' and are similar in phenotype to mutants described in Arabidopsis and other crop species.

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Outcrossing between 'Bacon' Pollinizers and Adjacent 'Hass' Avocado Trees and the Description of Two New Lethal Mutants

http://directory.umm.ac.id/Data%20Elmu/jurnal/S/Scientia%20Horticulturae/Vol83.Issue1.Jan2000/1398.pdf

Flowering and fruit set of mamey sapote (Calocarpum sapota (Jacq.) Merr.) cv. Magana in South Florida

Dimocarpus longan is a subtropical fruit crop whose year-round production relies on the application of KClO3 to induce flowering; however, the mechanism by which this chemical causes flowering is yet unknown. To further characterize floral signaling in this species, we have isolated three longan FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)-like genes and studied their activities by heterologous expression in Arabidopsis. Expression of two of these genes (DlFT2 and DlFT3) accelerates flowering, whereas expression of the third gene (DlFT1) causes delayed flowering and produced floral morphology defects. This anti-florigenic protein may be a member of a class of FT-like family involved in flowering time control in biennial and perennial species. Surprisingly, KClO3 treatment also suppressed the expression of both DlFT2 and DlFT3 in a field trial.

Identification of Members of the Dimocarpus Longan Flowering Locus T Gene Family with Divergent Functions in Flowering

/pdf/adventitious-rooting-of-tommy-atkins-mango-air-layers-3fourrscgq.pdf

Adventitious rooting of Tommy Atkins' mango air layers induced with naphthaleneacetic acid

/pdf/thidiazuron-effects-on-growth-initiation-and-expression-in-38fkr1xzrc.pdf

Thomas L. Davenport

Papers

Outcrossing between 'Bacon' Pollinizers and Adjacent 'Hass' Avocado Trees and the Description of Two New Lethal Mutants

Flowering and fruit set of mamey sapote (Calocarpum sapota (Jacq.) Merr.) cv. Magana in South Florida

Identification of Members of the Dimocarpus Longan Flowering Locus T Gene Family with Divergent Functions in Flowering

Adventitious rooting of Tommy Atkins' mango air layers induced with naphthaleneacetic acid

Thidiazuron effects on growth initiation and expression in mango (mangifera indica l.)