Auditory and non-auditory effects of noise on health

해외산업간호정보 - 미국 산업안전보건연구원(National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) 소개

Noise is pervasive in everyday life and can cause both auditory and non-auditory health eff ects. Noise-induced hearing loss remains highly prevalent in occupational settings, and is increasingly caused by social noise exposure (eg, through personal music players). Our understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in noise-induced haircell and nerve damage has substantially increased, and preventive and therapeutic drugs will probably become available within 10 years. Evidence of the non-auditory eff ects of environmental noise exposure on public health is growing. Observational and experimental studies have shown that noise exposure leads to annoyance, disturbs sleep and causes daytime sleepiness, aff ects patient outcomes and staff performance in hospitals, increases the occurrence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, and impairs cognitive performance in schoolchildren. In this Review, we stress the importance of adequate noise prevention and mitigation strategies for public health.

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Auditory and non-auditory eff ects of noise on health

Coronary heart disease

The logic, methodological and practical limitations in the current benefit concept in the harm-benefit-analysis : an investigation in the context of the EU directive 2010/63 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes

Impact of noise or styrene exposure on the kinetics of presbycusis.

Neuronal Circuits Involved in the Middle-Ear Acoustic Reflex

Neuropharmacological and cochleotoxic effects of styrene. Consequences on noise exposures.

The tonotopicity of styrene-induced hearing loss depends on the associated noise spectrum

Carbon disulfide (CS2) is used in industry; it has been shown to have neurotoxic effects, causing central and distal axonopathies.However, it is not considered cochleotoxic as it does not affect hair cells in the organ of Corti, and the only auditory effects reported in the literature were confined to the low-frequency region. No reports on the effects of combined exposure to low-frequency noise and CS2 have been published to date. This article focuses on the effects on rat hearing of combined exposure to noise with increasing concentrations of CS2 (0, 63,250, and 500ppm, 6h per day, 5 days per week, for 4 weeks). The noise used was a low-frequency noise ranging from 0.5 to 2kHz at an intensity of 106dB SPL. Auditory function was tested using distortion product oto-acoustic emissions, which mainly reflects the cochlear performances. Exposure to noise alone caused an auditory deficit in a frequency area ranging from 3.6 to 6 kHz. The damaged area was approximately one octave (6kHz) above the highest frequency of the exposure noise (2.8kHz); it was a little wider than expected based on the noise spectrum.Consequently, since maximum hearing sensitivity is located around 8kHz in rats, low-frequency noise exposure can affect the cochlear regions detecting mid-range frequencies. Co-exposure to CS2 (250-ppm and over) and noise increased the extent of the damaged frequency window since a significant auditory deficit was measured at 9.6kHz in these conditions.Moreover, the significance at 9.6kHz increased with the solvent concentrations. Histological data showed that neither hair cells nor ganglion cells were damaged by CS2. This discrepancy between functional and histological data is discussed. Like most aromatic solvents, carbon disulfide should be considered as a key parameter in hearing conservation regulations.

Thomas Venet

Papers

Impact of noise or styrene exposure on the kinetics of presbycusis.

Neuronal Circuits Involved in the Middle-Ear Acoustic Reflex

Neuropharmacological and cochleotoxic effects of styrene. Consequences on noise exposures.

The tonotopicity of styrene-induced hearing loss depends on the associated noise spectrum

Continuous exposure to low-frequency noise and carbon disulfide: Combined effects on hearing.