Measuring user acceptance to avoid system rejection by the users in pre-prototype stage of product development is of high interest for both researchers and practitioners. This is especially true when technology uses strategies of persuasion in an emotional laden environment like the car. This paper presents the results of an online survey aiming at evaluating the acceptance of future persuasive in-car interaction approaches for a more economic driving behaviour. Five different persuasive interface concepts are presented and studied towards their acceptance. The results show an overall acceptance of the system concepts and the usefulness of the presented method. We show that individual expectations of the systems' disturbance and risk have an effect on the acceptance of technology and the behavioural intention to use.

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Acceptance of future persuasive in-car interfaces towards a more economic driving behaviour

Cars offer an increasing number of infotainment systems as well as comfort functions that can be controlled by the driver. In our research, we investigate new interaction techniques that aim to make it easier to interact with these systems while driving. We suggest utilizing the steering wheel as an additional interaction surface. In this paper, we present two user studies conducted with a working prototype of a multi-touch steering wheel. In the first, we developed a user-defined steering wheel gesture set, and in the second, we applied the identified gestures and compared their application to conventional user interaction with infotainment systems in terms of driver distraction. The main outcome was that driver's visual demand is reduced significantly by using gestural interaction on the multi-touch steering wheel.

Gestural interaction on the steering wheel: reducing the visual demand

We have conducted interviews with ten elite and recreational athletes to understand their experiences and engagement with endurance sport and personal and wearable sports technology. The athletes emphasized the experiential aspects of doing sports and the notion of feeling was repeatedly used to talk about their activities. Technology played both an instrumental role in measuring performance and feeding bio-data back to them, and an experiential role in supporting and enhancing the sport experience. To guide further interaction design research in the sports domain, we suggest two interrelated ways of looking at sports performances and experiences, firstly through the notion of a measured sense of performance, and secondly as a lived-sense of performance.

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Snot, Sweat, Pain, Mud, and Snow: Performance and Experience in the Use of Sports Watches

/pdf/gestural-interaction-on-the-steering-wheel-reducing-the-39sgbxg50a.pdf

Smartphones are frequently used in environments where the user is distracted by another task, for example by walking or by driving. While the typical interface for smartphones involves hardware and software buttons and surface gestures, researchers have recently posited that, for distracted environments, benefits may exist in using motion gestures to execute commands. In this paper, we examine the relative cognitive demands of motion gestures and surface taps and gestures in two specific distracted scenarios: a walking scenario, and an eyes-free seated scenario. We show, first, that there is no significant difference in reaction time for motion gestures, taps, or surface gestures on smartphones. We further show that motion gestures result in significantly less time looking at the smartphone during walking than does tapping on the screen, even with interfaces optimized for eyes-free input. Taken together, these results show that, despite somewhat lower throughput, there may be benefits to making use of motion gestures as a modality for distracted input on smartphones.

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Tap, swipe, or move: attentional demands for distracted smartphone input

For in-car navigation, information and entertainment systems, text input is increasingly important. We investigate handwriting as a text input modality and assess where to best position the input surface and how to provide feedback. For this purpose, we created different prototypes that allow text input on the steering wheel and in the central console, as well as visual feedback on the input surface and on the dashboard. The results of the study indicate that handwritten text input on the steering wheel is well-received by the users and that the visual feedback should be presented in the dashboard area or on the steering wheel. We also observed that the number of corrective actions and the remaining errors were significantly smaller (25% less) on the steering wheel than in the central console and that entering text while driving made people drive slower.

Writing to your car: handwritten text input while driving

This paper explores how tactile feedback can support cyclist in order to fulfill user-defined training programs. Therefore, actuators are integrated in cyclists' shoes. The rhythm the cyclist should pedal is communicated via tactile feedback so that the heart rate is kept in an interval which is, for example, optimal for increasing stamina. After a preliminary study, which was used to gather the optimal position for the actuators on feet, a working prototype of such a system was developed. This prototype was tested in a preliminary study by two participants in the wild. They were able to understand the communicated tactile feedback, enjoyed using our system and stated that they could imagine using such a system regularly. This indicates that communicating tactile feedback via the user's feet is another application domain where vibration signals can be of high benefit and can be used to communicate information to the user as audio or visual information are not appropriate.

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Thorsten Appelmann

Papers

Writing to your car: handwritten text input while driving

Improving cyclists training with tactile feedback on feet