The Standards of Care (SOC) for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender Nonconforming People is a publication of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH). The overall goal of the SOC is to provide clinical guidance for health professionals to assist transsexual, transgender, and gender nonconforming people with safe and effective pathways to achieving lasting personal comfort with their gendered selves, in order to maximize their overall health, psychological well-being, and self-fulfillment. This assistance may include primary care, gynecologic and urologic care, reproductive options, voice and communication therapy, mental health services (e.g., assessment, counseling, psychotherapy), and hormonal and surgical treatments. The SOC are based on the best available science and expert professional consensus. Because most of the research and experience in this field comes from a North American and Western European perspective, adaptations of the SOC to other parts ...

Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming People, Version 7

During human evolutionary history, there were "trade-offs" between expending time and energy on child-rearing and mating, so both men and women evolved conditional mating strategies guided by cues signaling the circumstances. Many short-term matings might be successful for some men; others might try to find and keep a single mate, investing their effort in rearing her offspring. Recent evidence suggests that men with features signaling genetic benefits to offspring should be preferred by women as short-term mates, but there are trade-offs between a mate's genetic fitness and his willingness to help in child-rearing. It is these circumstances and the cues that signal them that underlie the variation in short- and long-term mating strategies between and within the sexes.

/pdf/the-evolution-of-human-mating-trade-offs-and-strategic-4f53scw0tn.pdf

The evolution of human mating: Trade-offs and strategic pluralism

According to cultural stereotypes, men are more eager for sex than are women; women are more likely to set limits on such activity. In this paper, we review the work of theorists who have argued in favor of this proposition and review the interview and correlational data which support this contention. Finally, we report two experimental tests of ihis hypothesis. In these experiments, conducted in 1978 and 1982, male and female confederates of average attractiveness approached potential partners with one of three requests: "Would you go out tonight?" "Will you come over to my apartment?" or "Would you go to bed with me?" The great majority of men were willing to have a sexual liaison with the women who approached them. Women were not. Not one woman agreed to a sexual liaison. Many possible reasons for this marked gender difference were discussed. These studies were run in 1978 and 1982. It has since become important to track how the threat of AIDS is affecting men and women's willingness to date, come to a...

Gender Differences in Receptivity to Sexual Offers

REVIEWS: Pathways of Sexual Desire

The anthropological study of romantic (or passionate) love is virtually nonexistent due to the widespread belief that romantic love is unique to Euro-American culture. This belief is by no means confined to anthropology. The historian Philippe Aries (1962), for example, argues that affection was of secondary importance to more utilitarian ambitions throughout much of European history. Lawrence Stone (1988:16) goes further, insisting that "if romantic love ever existed outside of Europe, it only arose among the nonwestern nation-states' elite who had the time to cultivate an aesthetic appreciation for subjective experiences." Underlying these Eurocentric views is the assumption that modernization and the rise of individualism are directly linked to the appearance of romantic notions of love.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/info/3773618

A Cross-Cultural Perspective on Romantic Love

A comprehensive one-volume reference work on sexual behaviour throughout the world at the beginning of a new millennium. Written by more than 200 leading sexologists in their respective countries and cultures, each lengthy entry explores such areas as heterosexual relationships, children, adolescents, adults, gender-conflicted persons, unconventional sexual patterns, contraception, sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS, sexual dysfunctions, and therapies. It also includes sexual issues for older persons and physically and mentally challenged individuals. Places to be included in this volume for the first time are: Cuba, Denmark, Estonia, France, Hong Kong, Nepal, Norway, Sri Lanka, Switzerland, and Tanzania.

The Continuum complete international encyclopedia of sexuality

This volume is an essential supplement to the most ambitious and comprehensive cross-cultural sex survey ever undertaken, in any language or any part of the world. The four volumes of The International Encyclopedia of Sexuality now summarize the sexual behavior patterns of 50 countries.Written by 60 leading sexologists and experts in the respective countries and cultures, each lengthy entry of Volume 4 explores areas such as heterosexual relationships, children, adolescents, adults, gender-conflicted persons, unconventional sexual patterns, contraception, sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS, sexual dysfunctions, and therapies. It also includes discussions of sexual issues for older persons as well as physically and mentally challenged individuals. The new countries covered include: Austria, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, Hong Kong, Iceland, Indonesia, Italy, Korea, Morocco, Nigeria, Norway, Papua New Guinea, The Philippines, Portugal, Turkey, and Vietnam. As noted, the work also presents significant updates, by some 20 specialists, of the countries covered in Volumes 1 through 3--originally published in 1997--which take readers into the new millennium.This eagerly awaited Volume 4 to The International Encyclopedia of Sexuality makes this entire set an even more indispensable reference work for sexologists, psychotherapists, anthropologists, and anyone involved in cross-cultural studies.

The International Encyclopedia of Sexuality

Sex Signals: The Biology of Love

In this article, we describe translated Japanese comics or “manga” with sexual content. Because in the West comics have been treated as junk culture, they lack canons for critical analysis. We have developed methods for analyzing manga that focus on objective assessment of content, on reader subjectivity, and on how the emotional tenor of the artwork is created. We briefly review some history of Japanese art and culture, in which sexuality has always been a legitimate subject for art and which forms the cultural underpinnings of manga. We summarize the erotic themes and visions of manga with sexual content, including heterosexual courtship and consummation, female and male homosexuality, sadomasochism, transvestitism, incest, and bestiality. Critics of manga argue that it glorifies rape, a view we could not confirm. We identified 87 stories with rape or sexual assault; 80 (92.0%) show the woman or others taking violent, often murderous, revenge on sexual attackers. We also analyze visual modalities for depicting men and women. In common with older Japanese aesthetic traditions, the manga we have seen depict women as beautiful, powerful, and erotic. Finally, we suggest that manga functions as an art form by mobilizing the reader’s involvement with the characters, especially female characters, in a complex narrative framework in which sexuality is a positive virtue for men and, especially, for women. We conclude that manage contains some of the finest erotic art being produced in the world today for sheer power, elegance, and drama.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12119-002-1000-4

Eroticism for the masses: Japanese manga comiss and their assimilation into the U.S.

Preface Introduction A Descriptive Dictionary Appendix A : An Abstract of Philias and Paraphilias Appendix B: An Abstract of Phobias and Sexual Anxieties Appendix C: Biographical Sketches in This Dictionary Appendix D: U.S. Supreme Court Decisions Related to Sexual Behaviors Appendix E: An Atlas of Human Sexuality Index

Timothy Perper

Papers

The Continuum complete international encyclopedia of sexuality

The International Encyclopedia of Sexuality

Sex Signals: The Biology of Love

Eroticism for the masses: Japanese manga comiss and their assimilation into the U.S.

A Descriptive Dictionary and Atlas of Sexology