Tom Grawey

TL;DR: Paramedics identified multiple potential solutions to overcome several barriers to protocol adherence and system improvements to address dose standardization, protocol clarity, simplified controlled substance logistics, and equipment availability.

TL;DR: Fifty percent of HEMS patients may benefit from PoCUS to evaluate for hypotension in flight, and how commonly the extended focused assessment with sonography in trauma or the rapid ultrasound in shock for medical patients could be used by HEMS is determined.

TL;DR: Initial and continuing education for airway management must extend beyond a narrow focus on psychomotor skills and task completion to include appreciation of underlying pathophysiology, clinical judgment, and higher-order decision making.

TL;DR: A comprehensive curriculum for EMS clinicians should align with the vision outlined by EMS Agenda 2050 by addressing the following areas:Public health & epidemiologySocial determinants of healthSocial equity and biasMental & behavioral healthCulture of safety and human factors scienceQuality improvementHealth care business & financeLeadership and change managementEvidence-based practiceEffective communication skills.

TL;DR: The ED EMS Time as discussed by the authors was developed as an alternative training method to provide a field-type experience within the emergency department (ED) setting, where medical students observe and complete standardized reflections on Online Medical Control radio consultations and EMS to ED patient handoffs.