Concrete Mixing Kinetics by Means of Power Measurement

Monitoring and control of coating and granulation processes in fluidized beds – A review

Towards better process understanding: Chemometrics and multivariate measurements in manufacturing of solid dosage forms

Thousands of ppmv of hydrogen sulfide included in coal gas should be reduced to less than a hundred ppmv in the case of IGCC to prevent a gas turbine from being corroded, and few ppmv to prevent the performance of electrodes from declining in the case of MCFC. In the present paper a laboratory scale AEBG (Agitation Fluidized Bed Granulator) is made and improved. The sorbent for the removal of hydrogen sulfide is produced using an agitation fluidized bed granulator (ZnO 1.5 mole+TiO2 l.0mole+bentonite 5.0 wt%). The techniques for fluidizing fine particles, classified in Geldart C group, in a fluidized bed are developed by installing an agitator blade in a fluidized bed granulator. The fine particles are fluidized and granulated successfully by using the techniques. Statistical, spectral and chaos analyses with granulated sorbent (100-300 Μm) are performed to investigate the hydrodynamics of granulates in a fluidized bed. The average absolute deviation, power spectral density functions, phase space trajectories, and Kolmogorov entropy obtained from pressure fluctuation are plotted as a function of fluidizing velocity. It is shown that the Kolmogorov entropy implying the rate of generation of information can be applied to the control of fluidization regimes.

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Development of sorbent manufacturing technology by Agitation Fluidized Bed Granulator (AFBG)

Publisher Summary Control and optimization of granulation processes is a basic requirement of industrial scale production. Productivity depends largely on the control of the processing time or the amount of binding liquid. Even if the operational variables are precisely controlled, the granule growth is sometimes very sensitive to the change in feed material properties and external conditions (like humidity and temperature). This necessitates the precise measurement of process variables, monitoring of granule growth, and detection of the optimal operational end-point. So far, extensive investigations have been carried out regarding different devices for monitoring and controlling granule growth during the granulation process. Monitoring of process variables in wet-granulation processes is described in this chapter. Monitoring of process variables and the control of granulation process are very important in maintaining product quality. It is expected that a more reliable and advanced system for precise monitoring and control of granulation processes will be developed in the near future.

Tomoaki Tanaka

Papers

A method for process monitoring and determination of operational end-point of consumption in agitation granulation