A fluid flow control apparatus specially adapted for use with an ultrasonic surgical tool which provides for irrigation of a surgical site and for aspirating fluid from the site comprises a source of irrigation fluid, comprises an irrigation fluid conduit or conducting the irrigation fluid to a surgical site, an aspiration fluid conduit for conducting fluid away from the surgical site, a suction pump connected to the aspiration fluid conduit for aspirating fluid from the surgical site, a pressure-sensitive control system for removing the source of suction from the aspiration conduit when a predetermined value of suction is exceeded, and a valve for controllably admitting irrigation fluid into the aspiration fluid conduit. A check valve in the irrigation conduit prevents a reverse surge when the irrigation fluid is admitted to the aspiration conduit.

Fluid flow control system and connecting fitting therefor

The present invention relates to an addition to tin coating solutions for inhibiting the growth of tin whiskers. The addition comprises a concentration of a metal salt selected from the group consisting of palladium salt, silver salt, nickel salt, iron salt, cadmium salt, platinum salt, gold salt, indium salt, ruthenium salt and cobalt salt. In a preferred embodiment, the metal salt addition is either a palladium salt such as palladium chloride or a silver salt such as silver sulfate.

Whisker resistant tin coatings and baths and methods for making such coatings

Influence of current density on surface morphology and properties of pulse plated tin films from citrate electrolyte

A spouted bed electrochemical reator (100) for treating a plurality of objects (114) with a fluid is set forth. The apparatus comprises a vessel (119) for contacting the plurality of objects (114). An upwardly directed stream of fluid and a portion of the objects are confined in a conduit (116) such that the fluid stram causes the objects to flow upward from a moving bed (124) thereof to a disengaging position from where they fall onto a distritution shield (123) and move downward to a feed position. The vessel (119) may be used for treating electrically conductive objects wherein the fluid is an electrolyte, an electrode is positioned to contact the moving bed, and a counterelectrode (105) is positioned in spaced relation to the moving bed. The vessel may be fixed or portable.

Spouted bed apparatus for contacting objects with a fluid

A solution for use in connection with the deposition of one or more metals on electroplatable substrates. This solution includes water; a metal ion; and a complexing agent. The complexing agent is advantageously an organic compound having between 4 and 18 carbon atoms which includes at least two hydroxyl groups and a five or six membered ring that contains at least one oxygen atom. The compound is present in an amount sufficient to complex the metal in the solution and inhibit oxidation of the metal. If necessary, a suitable pH adjusting agent can be included in the solution to maintain the pH of the solution in the range of between 2 and 10 and preferably to a pH of about 3.5 to 5.5. At the preferred pH range, the solution is particularly useful for electroplating composite articles that have electroplatable portions and non-electroplatable portions without deleteriously affecting the non-electroplatable portions.

Electroplating solution containing organic acid complexing agent

A method for stabilizing tin or tin alloy electroplating baths containing citric acid or its salt and an ammonium salt, by adding at least one saturated hydroxycarboxylic acid or its salt other than citric acid or citrate and/or at least one saturated dibasic carboxylic acid.

Method for stabilizing tin or tin alloy electroplating baths

An electroplating bath for depositing tin or a tin alloy with satisfactory brightness, which comprises a mother bath of a pH-value ranging from 4 to 8 and containing citric acid or its salt, an ammonium salt and a water-soluble polymer as a brightener. The bath may further comprise an aldehyde compound as a co-brightener.

Toshio Igarashi

Papers

Method for stabilizing tin or tin alloy electroplating baths

Electroplating bath for depositing tin or tin alloy with brightness

Galvanisches bad zur herstellung von glaenzenden ueberzuegen aus zinn oder einer zinnlegierung

Stabilizing of electroplating bath of tin or tin alloy