Showing papers by "Toshiyuki Yamamoto published in 1984"

In vitro activation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in human muscle by a broad specificity protein phosphatase.

Abstract: Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) (EC 1.2.4.t), which is the first and rate-limiting enzyme in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), exists in two interconvertible forms: it is inactive in its phosphorylated form and active in its dephosphorylated form. This phosphorylation-dephosphorylation cycle is mediated by a specific kinase and phosphatase (Reed, 1974). Rat tissues have been found to show wide variations in their proportions of the active and inactive forms under different hormonal and nutritional conditions in vivo (Wieland et aI., 1971). More than 50 patients with lactic acidosis due to a hereditary deficiency of PDC have been reported (Blass, 1980). Recently, methods have been developed for determining PDC activity in the fully-activated state in human cultured fibrobtasts in vitro using dichloroacetate (Sheu et al., 1981), or in human muscle using MgCtz and CaCI2 (Evans, 1983). It has also been reported that a protein phosphatase with broad specificity (Pase) activated purified PDC and that this activation resulted from dephosphorylation of PDC (Harris et al., 1982). In this work, we measured the total activity of PDC, by activation of PDC with Pase, and the native activity supposed to be present in vivo in muscles from patients with lactic acidosis and/or mitochondrial myopathy and PDH deficiency (Toshima et al., 1982) and calculated the ratios of the two activities. The importance of determining total activity, especially in biopsied muscle, for diagnosis of partial PDC deficiency is pointed out.

Pharmaceutical preparation of gel for remedying skin disease

Abstract: PURPOSE: The titled pharmaceutical preparation having improved antitumor action by endermic administration, having no side effects, obtained by adding a hydrous gel substance consisting of a specific water-soluble high polymer substance and an epoxy compound to an antitumor drug, setting a hydrous gel layer on a flexible substrate. CONSTITUTION: A water-soluble high polymer substance (e.g., polyacrylic acid, PVA, etc.) containing COOH and/or OH is reacted with a compound (triglycidyl isocyanurate, diglycerin triglycidyl ether, etc.) to give a hydrous gel that is in a crosslinked state. An amount of the epoxy compound used is 0.01W10pts.wt. based on 100pts.wt. water-soluble high polymer substance. The hydrous gel is blended with a water-soluble antitumor agent (e.g., bleomycin, mitomycin C, etc.) to give a gel layer, which is set on a flexible substrate (e.g., woven fabric, etc.), to give the titled pharmaceutical preparation. It has improved solubility of drug, diffusion transfer properties, and adhesiveness. COPYRIGHT: (C)1985,JPO&Japio