THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY: The Biochemical Behavior of LeadL I. Influence of Calcium, Phosphorus, and Vitamin D on Lead in Blood and Bone

Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from wastewater: A review.

The ability of probiotic bacteria to adhere to the intestinal epithelium play an important role in colonization of the gastrointestinal tract, preventing their elimination by peristalsis and providing a competitive advantage in this ecosystem. To identify bacterial traits related to adhesion the probiotic strain L. acidophilus M92 was examined for autoaggregation ability and cell surface hydrophobicity L. acidophilus M92 exhibits a strong autoaggregation phenotype and also coaggregation with some pathogen microorganisms that may form a barrier that prevents their colonization. The examined probiotic strain manifests a good degree of hydrophobicity determined by microbial adhesion to hydrocarbons. Aggregation and hydrophobicity were abolished upon exposure of the cells to pronase, which suggests the possible role of cell surface layer (S-layer) proteins, approximated at 45 kDa, in a L. acidophilus M92. The relationship between autoaggregation and adhesion ability to intestinal tissue was investigated by observing the adhesivity of L. acidophilus M92 to porcine ileal epithelial cells. Removal of the S-layer proteins by extraction with 5 M LiCl reduced autaggregation and in vitro adhesion of this strain.

Adhesion and aggregation ability of probiotic strain Lactobacillus acidophilus M92

In recent years, enzyme immobilization has been presented as a powerful tool for the improvement of enzyme properties such as stability and reusability. However, the type of support material used plays a crucial role in the immobilization process due to the strong effect of these materials on the properties of the produced catalytic system. A large variety of inorganic and organic as well as hybrid and composite materials may be used as stable and efficient supports for biocatalysts. This review provides a general overview of the characteristics and properties of the materials applied for enzyme immobilization. For the purposes of this literature study, support materials are divided into two main groups, called Classic and New materials. The review will be useful in selection of appropriate support materials with tailored properties for the production of highly effective biocatalytic systems for use in various processes.

A general overview of support materials for enzyme immobilization: Characteristics, properties, practical utility

https://rua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/57890/5/2015_Barbosa_etal_BiotechAdv_preprint.pdf

Strategies for the one-step immobilization–purification of enzymes as industrial biocatalysts

The main objective of the immobilization of enzymes is to enhance the economics of biocatalytic processes Immobilization allows one to re-use the enzyme for an extended period of time and enables easier separation of the catalyst from the product Additionally, immobilization improves many properties of enzymes such as performance in organic solvents, pH tolerance, heat stability or the functional stability Increasing the structural rigidity of the protein and stabilization of multimeric enzymes which prevents dissociation-related inactivation In the last decade, several papers about immobilization methods have been published In our work, we present a relation between the influence of immobilization on the improvement of the properties of selected oxidoreductases and their commercial value We also present our view on the role that different immobilization methods play in the reduction of enzyme inhibition during biotechnological processes

Immobilization as a Strategy for Improving Enzyme Properties-Application to Oxidoreductases

https://www.scielo.cl/pdf/ejb/v19n5/art_08.pdf

Natural carriers in bioremediation: A review

Currently, analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are classified as one of the most emerging group of xenobiotics and have been detected in various natural matrices. Among them, monocyclic paracetamol and ibuprofen, widely used to treat mild and moderate pain are the most popular. Since long-term adverse effects of these xenobiotics and their biological and pharmacokinetic activity especially at environmentally relevant concentrations are better understood, degradation of such contaminants has become a major concern. Moreover, to date, conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are not fully adapted to remove that kind of micropollutants. Bioremediation processes, which utilize bacterial strains with increased degradation abilities, seem to be a promising alternative to the chemical methods used so far. Nevertheless, despite the wide prevalence of paracetamol and ibuprofen in the environment, toxicity and mechanism of their microbial degradation as well as genetic background of these processes remain not fully characterized. In this review, we described the current state of knowledge about toxicity and biodegradation mechanisms of paracetamol and ibuprofen and provided bioinformatics analysis concerning the genetic bases of these xenobiotics decomposition.

/pdf/organic-micropollutants-paracetamol-and-ibuprofen-toxicity-4fv1ldnsoi.pdf

Organic micropollutants paracetamol and ibuprofen—toxicity, biodegradation, and genetic background of their utilization by bacteria

In recent years immobilized cells have commonly been used for various biotechnological applications, e.g., antibiotic production, soil bioremediation, biodegradation and biotransformation of xenobiotics in wastewater treatment plants. Although the literature data on the physiological changes and behaviour of cells in the immobilized state remain fragmentary, it is well documented that in natural settings microorganisms are mainly found in association with surfaces, which results in biofilm formation. Biofilms are characterized by genetic and physiological heterogeneity and the occurrence of altered microenvironments within the matrix. Microbial cells in communities display a variety of metabolic differences as compared to their free-living counterparts. Immobilization of bacteria can occur either as a natural phenomenon or as an artificial process. The majority of changes observed in immobilized cells result from protection provided by the supports. Knowledge about the main physiological responses occurring in immobilized cells may contribute to improving the efficiency of immobilization techniques. This paper reviews the main metabolic changes exhibited by immobilized bacterial cells, including growth rate, biodegradation capabilities, biocatalytic efficiency and plasmid stability.

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/7/958/pdf

Urszula Guzik

Papers

Immobilization as a Strategy for Improving Enzyme Properties-Application to Oxidoreductases

Natural carriers in bioremediation: A review

Organic micropollutants paracetamol and ibuprofen—toxicity, biodegradation, and genetic background of their utilization by bacteria

Metabolic Responses of Bacterial Cells to Immobilization.

Bacterial degradation of naproxen – Undisclosed pollutant in the environment