The present review reports the current literature of the last 10 years on selective oxidation reactions of fatty acid derivatives and vegetable oils. The work is structured in divisions including epoxidation, radical oxidations, Wacker-type oxidation, dihydroxylation and C=C double bond cleavage.

Oxidation of unsaturated fatty acid derivatives and vegetable oils

Biomass is renewable and the most abundant carbon resource, and it shows great potential for sustainable production of chemicals in the future With respect to limited fossil reserves, biomass conv

Sustainable Productions of Organic Acids and Their Derivatives from Biomass via Selective Oxidative Cleavage of C-C bond

Recent advances in the field of selective epoxidation of vegetable oils and their derivatives: a review and perspective

During the last years, the industrial significance of renewable resources has highly increased. The ever-growing use of fossil resources for energy consumption, polymers, fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals and the therefore steadily increasing price favour the substitution of oil and gas by renewable resources. Here, especially products of catalytic functionalisations of vegetable fats and oils such as rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, palm oil or coconut oil play a decisive role. The present article gives a survey of several important catalytic functionalisations of fatty compounds and glycerol resulting in new attractive products. With their emerging properties, they could find a rapid introduction into the chemical market. Particularly the functionalisations via heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis, like additions, reductions, oxidations and metathesis reactions, will be presented.

The refinement of renewable resources: new important derivatives of fatty acids and glycerol.

A multitude of synthesis methods for azelaic acid is evaluated in terms of feasibility and sustainability. Up to now, no alternative to industrially employed ozonolysis of oleic acid was developed.

Synthesis of azelaic acid from vegetable oil-based feedstocks

The present study considered the influence of various factors on the catalytic activity of systems based on a combination of tetrakis(oxodiperoxotungsto)phosphate(3−) with quaternary ammonium cations, for example, with methyltri-n-octylammonium [Me(n-C8H17)3N]+. The catalysts were tested in oxidation of cycloolefins (cyclohexene and cyclooctene), alcohols (octan-1-ol and phenylmethanol), and unsaturated fatty acids (cis-9-octadecenoic and 12-hydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acids) with a 30% hydrogen peroxide solution. These reactions proceed under mild conditions (atmospheric pressure, 80–90 °C) to give carboxylic acids. The catalytic systems were characterized by vibrational (IR and Raman) spectroscopy. The state of the systems formed from various precursors, viz., polyoxometallates and phase-transfer catalysts, was studied. It was demonstrated for the first time that the structure formation of peroxo complexes depends on the nature of the halide anion of the quaternary ammonium salt used. The melting points of individual catalytic complexes were determined. The optimal conditions for oxidation were found.

Catalytic oxidation of olefins and alcohols with hydrogen peroxide in a two-phase system giving mono- and dicarboxylic acids

4-Ethynyl-1,3,5-trimethylpyrazole and 3,5-diethynyl-1-methylpyrazole have been synthesized by the reaction of the corresponding methyl N-methyl-pyrazolyl ketones with PCl5 followed by dehydrochlorination. 4-Butadiynyl-1,3,5-trimethylpyrazole has been obtained similarly from 4-acetoacetyl-1,3,5-trimethylpyrazole. The N-substituted pyrazolylacetylenes have been subjected to the Chodkiewicz-Cadiot reaction and to dehydrocondensation. The IR spectra of the acetylene derivatives of pyrazole synthesized are discussed.

Acetylene derivatives of heterocycles

Electrophysical properties and ultraviolet spectra of some polyazopolyarenes

Thermal cross-polymerization, structure and electric conductivity of poly[1,2-di(4′-ethynylphenyl) ethane]

1.

Conditions were found for the synthesis of phenolic derivatives ofω-aminopentadiynes by the condensation of bromoaminopropynes with ethynylphenols.




2.

An analysis of the IR spectra of the synthesizedω-aminopentadiynes disclosed that the butadiynyl group exhibits strong electron-acceptor properties, which causes a substantial strengthening of the intermolecular hydrogen bond of\(OH \ldots N\begin{array}{*{20}c} / \\ - \\ \backslash \\ \end{array} \) when compared with phenol and ethynylphenol.

V. G. Kostrovskii

Papers

Catalytic oxidation of olefins and alcohols with hydrogen peroxide in a two-phase system giving mono- and dicarboxylic acids

Acetylene derivatives of heterocycles

Electrophysical properties and ultraviolet spectra of some polyazopolyarenes

Thermal cross-polymerization, structure and electric conductivity of poly[1,2-di(4′-ethynylphenyl) ethane]

Phenolic derivatives of aminopentadiynes