Power quality is a pressing concern and of the utmost importance for advanced and high-tech equipment in particular, whose performance relies heavily on the supply’s quality. Power quality issues like voltage sags/swells, harmonics, interruptions, etc. are defined as any deviations in current, voltage, or frequency that result in end-use equipment damage or failure. Sensitive loads like medical equipment in hospitals and health clinics, schools, prisons, etc. malfunction for the outages and interruptions, thereby causing substantial economic losses. For enhancing power quality, custom power devices (CPDs) are recommended, among which the Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) is considered as the best and cost-effective solution. DVR is a power electronic-based solution to mitigate and compensate voltage sags. This paper provides a thorough discussion and comprehensive review of DVR topologies based on operations, power converters, control methods, and applications. The review compares the state-of-the-art in works of literature, and comparative study on power quality issues, the DVR principle along with its operation modes, the DVR components, the DVR topologies based on energy storage, the DVR topologies based on single-/three-phase power converters, and the DVR topologies based on control units that have different control processing stages. Furthermore, modified and improved configurations of the DVR, as well as its integration with distributed generations, are described. This work serves as a comprehensive and useful reference for those who have an interest in researching DVRs.

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/16/4152/pdf

Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR): A Comprehensive Review of Topologies, Power Converters, Control Methods, and Modified Configurations

Power quality (PQ) is gaining a great deal of importance as more sensitive loads are introduced into the utility grid. The degradation of product quality, damage of equipment and temporary shutdowns are the general issues associated with PQ problems in industries. Any mal-operation or damage of the industrial sensitive loads results in monetary losses disproportionately higher than the severity of the PQ issues. The evolution of power electronics technology replaced the traditional power quality mitigation methods with the introduction of Custom Power System devices (CUPS). The major power electronic controller based CUPS are DSTATCOM, DVR and UPQC. DVR is a pertinent solution for the economic losses caused by the PQ issues in the industries. Among the CUPS, DVR is the most cost-effective one. In the published literature, only a few papers correspond to the review of DVR technology. In this paper, a systematic review of published literature is conducted and a description is given on the design, standards and challenges in the DVR technology. A detailed survey is conducted on the published Journal of Green Engineering, Vol. 8 4, 519–572. River Publishers doi: 10.13052/jge1904-4720.844 This is an Open Access publication. c © 2018 the Author(s). All rights reserved. 520 V. K. Remya et al. literature to address the various aspects and issues in the DVR system. This paper arrangement gives the working principle, structure, various topologies, compensation techniques, voltage sag detection methods and control methods of the DVR under different sections. The section “Challenges faced by the DVR” included in the manuscript can be useful for the researchers beginning their work in the domain of DVR. The simulation results using the sim power system tool of MATLAB/Simulink software are provided for analysis and comparison.

/pdf/dynamic-voltage-restorer-dvr-a-review-2fns7aen1a.pdf

Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) – A Review

In many manufacturing industries, quality of an item depends on different characteristics and their relationship may be modeled by profiles. For instance, in photo-voltaic (PV) system, output voltage is dependent on the capacitance level of capacitors, used in the Z-source inverter. Control chart is a dynamic tool that works under two different phases namely Phase I and Phase II. The unknown parameters are estimated in Phase I, while Phase II focuses on monitoring of the process using estimated control limits from Phase I. In this study, we have investigated Phase I monitoring of linear profile parameters under several sampling approaches including ranked set sampling (RSS), double RSS, median RSS (MRSS), double MRSS, extreme RSS (ERSS) and double ERSS. A comparative analysis on the performance of existing and proposed schemes is performed in terms of probability to signal. The results advocate that the proposed methods under different ranked set schemes offer superior detection abilities as compared to the existing schemes for varying shifts in profile parameters (intercept, slope and error variance). Moreover, a real application related to PV system is included to show the practical demonstration of the profile monitoring (for the output voltage in relation to capacitance level) under proposed schemes.

An Efficient Phase I Analysis of Linear Profiles with Application in Photo-Voltaic System

This article presents a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) topology based on the adaptive noise canceling (ANC) technique, which can be used for both voltage compensation and harmonic mitigation. Furthermore, this article aims to investigate the DVR performance when installed in a microgrid (MG) during both normal operation of the utility and during utility disturbances. One of the main objectives of this article is to reduce the cost of inverter-based DVR by reducing both the size of the dc-link capacitor and rating of switching elements. The voltage of the dc-link capacitor is regulated to low voltage level using a transformer and a pulsewidth modulation (PWM) rectifier to achieve both effective voltage regulation and drawing a sinusoidal line current from the grid and thus not to contribute to the increase of the THD of the utility current. Furthermore, the voltage across the switches can be limited to low value by an adequate design of dc-link capacitor size, capacitor voltage, and sag level to be compensated. Finally, the effectiveness and fast response of the proposed DVR for the compensation of voltage disturbances and current harmonics is confirmed by simulation using MATLAB/Simulink during the steady-state and transient operations to analyze the performance of the scheme under different operating conditions.

Control and Operation of Dynamic Voltage Restorer With Online Regulated DC-Link Capacitor in Microgrid System

Real‐time implementation of transformerless dynamic voltage restorer based on T‐type multilevel inverter with reduced switch count

A novel topology of single-phase dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is proposed to compensate the load voltage during voltage sag and voltage swell events. The semi-Z-source converter is utilised in its inverter operating mode for this proposed topology. The reduction in the number of active switches in the inverter and also in the current conduction path without compromising the output voltage range is the merit of the semi-Z-source inverter-based DVR against the commonly used full-bridge inverter-based DVR. The load voltage contains harmonics within the permissible limits when the compensation is performed by the semi-Z-source inverter-based DVR. The need for the filter circuit is eliminated; hence, the magnitude difference and the phase shift in the inverter output voltage due to the filter circuit are not present in the semi-Z-source inverter-based DVR. The proposed topology is cheap compared to the full-bridge inverter-based DVR topology. The simulations performed in MATLAB/Simulink environment are presented to validate the performance of the proposed topology. A comparison between the semi-Z-source inverter-based DVR and full-bridge inverter-based DVR is presented in this paper. The novel topology of DVR using semi-Z-source inverter is proved to be a better solution to the full-bridge inverter-based DVR.

Single-Phase DVR with Semi-Z-Source Inverter for Power Distribution Network

This paper discusses the programming and the use of Arduino Mega, an open hardware microcontroller board in generating the Space Vector Modulation (SVM) for three phase inverters. The design can be used for interfacing renewable energy sources such as solar cells and fuel cells to ac utility grid directly. The low cost and easily programmable Arduino makes the renewable energy power system more economical and simple. The architecture and functions of Arduino Mega is explained briefly. The output results are verified using the simulation carried out in MATLAB Simulink

Realization of an arduino-mega based space vector modulation controller

Voltage sag is considered as the most expensive power quality problem. With the advent of power electronics, custom power devices are introduced to mitigate the sag issues. Among the custom power devices, Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) is the most cost-effective one. The voltage injected in series by the DVR compensates the load profile during sag events. The compensation techniques such as in-phase, energy minimized and phase advance methods determine the way in which the DVR voltage is injected into the grid. By providing a phase advance to the DVR voltage with respect to the supply voltage gives the merit of reduced active power injection and thereby reduces the rating of energy storage. The disadvantages such as increased DVR voltage magnitude, phase shift, load swings and discontinuity of wave shape are associated with this compensation technique. This method is suitable for magnitude sensitive loads. This paper presents simulation results showing the compensation of both sag and swell using phase advance compensation.

Phase advance compensation of voltage sags using full bridge inverter based DVR

This paper presents the design and control of a Low Voltage (LV) Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) for a three-phase power system. The DVR is designed to protect a three-phase load of 3 kVA from the voltage sags and swells ranging up to 0.5 p.u of the supply voltage. The proposed DVR utilizes semi-Z-source (SZS) inverter as the power converter in each phase of the DVR. The SZS inverter offers many advantages such as reduction in cost, size, weight, elimination of filter etc. compared to the conventional Full Bridge (FB) inverter based DVR. Each phase is controlled independently which offers mitigation of both symmetrical and asymmetrical sags. The proposed DVR employs the modified feedback control technique. The simulation results from MATLAB/Simulink environment verify the efficacy of the proposed DVR topology. The proposed DVR topology is suitable for mitigation of sags and swells initiating at any point-on-wave.

V. K. Remya

Papers

Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) – A Review

Single-Phase DVR with Semi-Z-Source Inverter for Power Distribution Network

Realization of an arduino-mega based space vector modulation controller

Phase advance compensation of voltage sags using full bridge inverter based DVR

A Novel Three-Phase Low Voltage (LV) Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) Employing Semi-Z-Source Inverter