Green Logistics has emerged as the new agenda item in supply chain management. The traditional objective of distribution management has been upgraded to minimizing system-wide costs related to economic and environmental issues. Reflecting the environmental sensitivity of vehicle routing problems (VRP), an extensive literature review of Green Vehicle Routing Problems (GVRP) is presented. We provide a classification of GVRP that categorizes GVRP into Green-VRP, Pollution Routing Problem, VRP in Reverse Logistics, and suggest research gaps between its state and richer models describing the complexity in real-world cases. The purpose is to review the most up-to-date state-of-the-art of GVRP, discuss how the traditional VRP variants can interact with GVRP and offer an insight into the next wave of research into GVRP. It is hoped that OR/MS researchers together with logistics practitioners can be inspired and cooperate to contribute to a sustainable industry.

Survey of Green Vehicle Routing Problem: Past and future trends

Although most real-world vehicle routing problems are dynamic, the traditional methodological arsenal for this class of problems has been based on adaptations of static algorithms. Still, some important new methodological approaches have recently emerged. In addition, computer-based technologies such as electronic data interchange (EDI), geographic information systems (GIS), global positioning systems (GPS), and intelligent vehicle-highway systems (IVHS) have significantly enhanced the possibilities for efficient dynamic routing and have opened interesting directions for new research. This paper examines the main issues in this rapidly growing area, and surveys recent results and other advances. The assessment of possible impact of new technologies and the distinction of dynamic problems vis-a-vis their static counterparts are given emphasis.

Dynamic vehicle routing: Status and prospects

A review on sustainable urban vehicle routing

Recent dynamic vehicle routing problems: A survey

Shipping as a decisive parameter in Indonesia's energy source development: "Policies for the shipbuilding industry"

Advanced benefits in the pool result can be achieved by applying modern scheduling techniques, in conjunction with electronical data processing. Even with a fleet of only five ships, the detailed computer system proved to be superior to manual techniques of experienced schedulers. The computed schedule permitted, on the average, each ship to be assigned to additional jobs for one day per month. This effect increases relative to the number of ships scheduled. For an EDP-system to be effective it is necessary to use the basic information concerning the scheduling; including information on short term alterations, such as subletting or offers on the free market. The analysis of changes within the scheduling system normally involves a great manual effort. To overcome this problem the scheduler is able to communicate on line, in dialogue with the computer through the console, direct from his workplace. Depending upon the required information and the urgency of the reply, the scheduler is able to select, at distinct levels, an analysis of the effect of a particular operation. At the first stage, he obtains the variations of the economic pool result by changes and decisions relative to the schedule. At the next level, notice of the best possibilities of voyage combinations and assignments for ships and contracts are given. In the last stage, the system computes the schedule with the best pool result.

V Speidel

Papers

Edp-assisted fleet scheduling in tramp and coastal shipping