http://www.biofilling.com/article/7_2Mineral.pdf

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A Comprehensive Literature Review—Part III: Clinical Applications, Drawbacks, and Mechanism of Action

This paper reviews the rationale and techniques for treatment of the non-vital immature tooth. The importance of careful case assessment and accurate pulpal diagnosis in the treatment of immature teeth with pulpal injury cannot be overemphasized. The treatment of choice for necrotic teeth is apexification, which is induction of apical closure to produce more favorable conditions for conventional root canal filling. The most commonly advocated medicament is calcium hydroxide, although recently considerable interest has been expressed in the use of mineral trioxide aggregate. Introduction of techniques for one-visit apexification provide an alternative treatment option in these cases. Success rates for calcium hydroxide apexification are high although risks such as reinfection and tooth fracture exist. Prospective clinical trials comparing this and one-visit apexification techniques are required.

/pdf/apexification-a-review-sy65nejcn8.pdf

Apexification: a review

https://epublications.marquette.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1597&context=bioengin_fac

Mineral trioxide aggregate material use in endodontic treatment: a review of the literature.

Calcium silicate bioactive cements: Biological perspectives and clinical applications.

Identifying and reducing risks for potential fractures in endodontically treated teeth.

Three clinical cases have been treated with the use of an apical plug of MTA for apexification. All three cases were central incisors that had suffered premature interruption of root development as a consequence of trauma. According to the treatment protocol, the root canals were rinsed with 5% NaOCl; then, calcium hydroxide paste was placed in the canals for 1 week. Consequently, the apical portion of the canal (4 mm) was filled with MTA. The remaining portion of the root canals was then closed with thermoplastic gutta-percha. At 6-month and 1-year follow-up period the clinical and radiographic appearance of the teeth showed resolution of the periapical lesions. MTA appears to be a valid option for apexification with its main advantage being the speed at which the treatment can be completed.

The use of MTA in teeth with necrotic pulps and open apices.

Efficacy of ProTaper Universal Retreatment Files in Removing Filling Materials during Root Canal Retreatment

Pace R, Giuliani V, Pini Prato L, Baccetti T, Pagavino G. Apical plug technique using mineral trioxide aggregate: results from a case series. International Endodontic Journal, 40, 478–484, 2007. Aim To examine the clinical and radiographic appearance of teeth that suffered premature interruption of root development and were treated by an mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) apical plug technique. Summary Eleven teeth with immature root apices in 11 patients were treated nonsurgically by the manual application of MTA in the apical portion of the root canal under microscopic vision. Follow-up evaluations were performed at 1–2 years after treatment. Key learning points • Mineral trioxide aggregate appears to be a valid material to obtain periradicular healing in teeth with open apices and necrotic pulps. • Ten out of 11 cases were associated with periradicular health at follow-up evaluation.

/pdf/apical-plug-technique-using-mineral-trioxide-aggregate-3dpjmfcrgk.pdf

Valentina Giuliani

Papers

The use of MTA in teeth with necrotic pulps and open apices.

Efficacy of ProTaper Universal Retreatment Files in Removing Filling Materials during Root Canal Retreatment

Apical plug technique using mineral trioxide aggregate: results from a case series

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate as Repair Material for Furcal Perforation: Case Series

Translucent fiber post cementation using a light-curing adhesive/composite system: SEM analysis and pull-out test.