Data Communication and Networking

—In most regards, the twenty-first century may not bring revolutionary changes in electronic messaging technology in terms of applications or protocols. Security issues that have long been a concern in messaging application are finally being solved using a variety of products. Web-based messaging systems are rapidly evolving the text-based conversation. The users have the right to protect their privacy from the eavesdropper, or other parties which interferes the privacy of the users for such purpose. The chatters most probably use the instant messages to chat with others for personal issue; in which no one has the right eavesdrop the conversation channel and interfere this privacy. This is considered as a non-ethical manner and the privacy of the users should be protected. The author seeks to identify the security features for most public instant messaging services used over the internet and suggest some solutions in order to encrypt the instant messaging over the conversation channel. The aim of this research is to investigate through forensics and sniffing techniques, the possibilities of hiding communication using encryption to protect the integrity of messages exchanged. Authors used different tools and methods to run the investigations. Such tools include Wireshark packet sniffer, Forensics Tool Kit (FTK) and viaForensic mobile forensic toolkit. Finally, authors will report their findings on the level of security that encryption could provide to instant messaging services.

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Social Networks IM Forensics: Encryption Analysis

The Caesar Cipher algorithm for cryptography is one of the oldest algorithms. Now much newer algorithms have arrived that are much more secure, however in terms of speed of execution Caesar cipher algorithm is still the fastest owing to its simplicity. However the algorithm is extremely easy to crack. This is because in this algorithm each character of a message is always replaced by the same fixed character that has been predetermined. To improve the algorithm and enhance it's security feature, a few changes can be added. This paper proposes an enhancement to the existing algorithm by making use first of a simple Diffie-Hellman key exchange scenario to obtain a secret key and later using simple mathematics to ensure the encryption of data is much more safer. Once a private shared key is obtained by making use of the Diffie-Hellman method, the key is subject to the mod operation with 26 to obtain a value less than or equal to 26, then the current character is taken and to this the key value obtained is added to obtain a new character. For any character in the ‘x’ position the key is simply first multiplied with ‘x’ and then mod is done to obtain the encrypted character. So 2nd character of the message is multiplied with 2, third character with 3 and so on. This enhances the security and also does not increase the time of execution by a large margin.

Innovative enhancement of the Caesar cipher algorithm for cryptography

Progression in computing powers and parallelism technology are creating obstruction for credible security especially in electronic information swapping under cryptosystems. An enormous set of cryptographic schemes persist in which each has its own affirmative and feeble characteristics. Some schemes carry the use of long bits key and some support the use of small key. Practical cryptosystems are either symmetric or asymmetric in nature. In this painstaking gaze, the accurate selection of right encryption scheme matters for desired information swap to meet enhanced security objectives. This survey compares trendy encryption techniques for convinced selection of both key and cryptographic scheme. In addition, this study introduces two new encryption selection constrains (section 4.1) which are neglected in previous studies. Finally this comprehensive survey thrash outs the latest trends and research issues upon cryptographic elements to conclude forthcoming necessities related to cryptographic key, algorithm structure and enhanced privacy especially in transferring the multimedia information.

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A survey about the latest trends and research issues of cryptographic elements

The demand for adequate security to electronic data system grows high over the decades. Security is the one of the biggest concern in different type of networks. Due to diversify nature of network, security breaching became a common issue in different form of networks. Solutions for network security comes with concepts like cryptography in which distribution of keys have been done. Encryption and key generation became a vital tool for preventing the threats to data sharing and tool to preserve the data integrity so we are focusing on security enhancing by enhancing the level of encryption in network. This study‟s main goal is to reflect the importance of security in network and provide the better encryption technique for currently implemented encryption techniques in simple and powerful method. In our research we have proposed a modular 37 and select any number and calculate inverse of the selected integer using modular 37. The symmetric key distribution should be done in the secured manner. Also, we examine the performance of our new SSK algorithm with other existing symmetric key algorithm.

Implementation of security through simple symmetric key algorithm based on modulo 37

Any general communication which is carried out between humans for exchanging thoughts and knowledge can be understood by anyone who knows that language. It is called plain text, so we bother to make such a scheme which converts this general message into a coded message which can be understudied by only authorized people. So we need to hide the information which is written into general message, from those who are not intended, even they can see the coded data . Cryptography can be stated as the art and science of transforming the message into coded form to make them secure and immune to attacks which reveals its secrecy. Cryptography is basically affiliated with the information security, Computer system security and engineering, cryptography is used in all kind of advance application technology like ATM, online banking, online trading. Cryptography has its two basic forms i.e. one is symmetric key cryptography and other is asymmetric key cryptography. An Asymmetric key algorithm uses two keys, one is public and other is private key both are used for encryption and decryption, and symmetric key cryptography algorithms are quick and most commonly used, In symmetric key algorithms single key is used for both encryption and decryption, this is also called secret key which is shared between both sender and receiver. Some common symmetric key algorithms are DES, RC2.RC4, and IDEA etc. This paper describes an new symmetric key algorithm which uses basic additive cipher and some new component to encrypt the information. We provide both algorithms for encryptions and decryption. The advantage of this algorithm over others is also explained. Categories & subject descriptors [Cryptography & Steganography]: A New Algorithm. General Terms Algorithms, Design, Security.

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Vashitva Kumar Srivastava

Papers

A Symmetric Key Cryptographic Algorithm