Acknowledgements Introduction 1. Partiality: community, citizenship and the defence of closure 2. Impartiality: freedom, equality and open borders 3. The Federal Republic of Germany: the rise and fall of a right to asylum 4. The United Kingdom: the value of asylum 5. The United States: the making and breaking of a refugee consensus 6. Australia: restricting asylum, resettling refugees 7. From ideal to non-ideal theory: reckoning with the state, politics and consequences 8. Liberal democratic states and ethically defensible asylum practices List of references Index.

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The Ethics and Politics of Asylum: Liberal Democracy and the Response to Refugees

1. Introduction: the politics of granting citizenship 2. Wide measures with synthetic and dynamic methods Part I. The Colonizers and Settlers: 3. Colonization in reverse: the degrees of empire in the UK and France 4. From manifest destiny to multi-culturalism in the settler countries Part II. Matched Case Studies and Exceptions: 5. European colonizer versus short term occupier: Austria and Germany 6. World colonizer versus late occupier: The Netherlands and Belgium 7. Left and green politics trump regime types in Nordic countries Part III. The Comprehensive Analysis of Naturalization Rates: 8. Explaining naturalization rates in eighteen countries: regimes over centuries and politics and institutions over decades 9. Conclusion - explanations and future of citizenship.

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The Ironies of Citizenship: Naturalization and Integration in Industrialized Countries

of Thesis This thesis examines black music circulation in the urban spaces of London and Paris. It shows the complexity of the evolutionary processes of black musical genres, which occurred during the late imperial period (1920s-1950s) within the urban music scenes of two imperial metropolises, and how they played an important role on the entertainment circuit. Both cities functioned as sites of crossfertilisation for genres of music that were co-produced in a circulation between empires and Europe. Musicians of various origins met in the urban spaces of the two cities. The convergence and intermingling of musical cultures that musicians had brought with them produced new sounds. This process was influenced by a minority group (blacks), but had a significant and lasting influence on the musical

Black North American and Caribbean music in European metropolises : a transnational perspective of Paris and London music scenes (1920s-1950s)

Prompted by the integration of Europe, Derrida recently posed the following questions. ‘Indeed, to what concept, to what real individual, to what singular entity should this name be assigned today? Who will draw up its borders?’ While this question speaks of the political entity called Europe, it has much broader resonance. It echoes concerns about identity, boundaries, and the relationship between the inside and the outside of political entities, concerns that have not escaped the attention of critical International Relations scholars. Nor are these necessarily new concerns. The situation in post–World War II Britain prompted the same questions Derrida raises about Europe in 1992. To what real individuals, to what singular entity the terms ‘British’ and ‘Britain’ should be assigned was a question that prompted debate, political violence, and a series of increasingly restrictive and, some would suggest, racist immigration policies. The transformation of Britain from an empire to a nation–state was accompanied by a crisis of identity whereby early postwar proclamations that Britain ‘imposed no colour bar restrictions making it difficult for them when they come here’ and that ‘there must be freedom of movement within the British Empire and the Commonwealth’ were, rather quickly, to give way to exclusionary practices and a retreat to ‘little England’.

Immigration and national identity: constructing the nation*

This introduction has four purposes. It first of all gives a working definition of the refugee. It then outlines the main groups of refugees which have moved to Britain since the early modern period, focusing, more particularly, upon the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, which form the main focus of this volume. The article then introduces the reader to concepts of cultural transfer, especially as applied to migration and refugees, as well as outlining the main issues under consideration in the British case study, which forms the basis of this volume. Finally, the study introduces the main essays which follow and explains the structure adopted.

Vaughan Bevan

Papers

The Development of British Immigration Law