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Two Dimensional Signal And Image Processing

The channels used to convey the human emotions consider actions, behaviours, poses, facial expressions, and speech. An immense research has been carried out to analyse the relationship between the facial emotions and these channels. The goal of this study is to develop a system for Facial Emotion Recognition (FER) that can analyse the elemental facial expressions of human, such as normal, smile, sad, surprise, anger, fear, and disgust. The recognition process of the proposed FER system is categorised into four processes, namely pre-processing, feature extraction, feature selection, and classification. After preprocessing, scale invariant feature transform -based feature extraction method is used to extract the features from the facial point. Further, a meta-heuristic algorithm called Grey Wolf optimisation (GWO) is used to select the optimal features. Subsequently, GWO-based neural network (NN) is used to classify the emotions from the selected features. Moreover, an effective performance analysis of the proposed as well as the conventional methods such as convolutional neural network, NN-Levenberg-Marquardt, NN-Gradient Descent, NN-Evolutionary Algorithm, NN-firefly, and NN-Particle Swarm Optimisation is provided by evaluating few performance measures and thereby, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy over the conventional methods is validated.

https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1049/iet-bmt.2017.0160

Grey Wolf optimisation-based feature selection and classification for facial emotion recognition

Current power networks and consumers are undergoing a fundamental shift in the way traditional energy systems were designed and managed. The bidirectional peer-to-peer (P–P) energy transactions pushed passive consumers to be prosumers. The future smart grid or the internet of energy (IoE) will facilitate the coordination of all types of prosumers to form virtual power plants (VPP). The paper aims to contribute to this growing area of research by accumulating and summarizing the significant ideas of the integration of distributed prosumers and small-scale VPP to the internet of energy (IoE). The study also reports the characteristics of IoE in comparison to the traditional grid and offers some valuable insights into the control, management and optimization strategies of prosumers, distributed energy resources (DERs) and VPP. As bidirectional P–P energy transaction by the prosumers is a crucial element of IoE, their management strategies including various demand-response approach at the customers’-levels are systematically summarized. The integration of DERs and prosumers to the VPP considering their functions, infrastructure, type, control objectives are also reviewed and summarized. Various optimization techniques and algorithm, and their objectives functions and the types of mathematical formulation that are used to manage the DERs and VPP are discussed and categorized systematically. Finally, the factors which affect the integration of DERs and prosumers to the VPP are identified.

An internet of energy framework with distributed energy resources, prosumers and small-scale virtual power plants: An overview

The main objective of the paper is to implement Savitzky Golay Smoothing Filter (SGSF) so as to apply in pre-processing of real time smart medical diagnostic systems. As very important information of EEG and ECG waveforms lies in the peak of the signal, hence it becomes absolutely necessary to filter noise and artifacts from the signal. The implemented filter should be able to reject the noise efficiently along with the least distortion from the original signal. The shape preserving characteristics of the filter are determined by introducing different noise levels in the signal. The designed filter is tested on synthetic signals of EEG and ECG by adding different types of noise and the performance is analysed on various parameters, i.e., SNR, SSNR, SNRI, MSE, COR and signal distortion of the final output. The smoothing performance comparison of SGSF with the most commonly used Moving Average Filter (MAF) proves that SGSF is more efficient. Hence it is suggested that MAF can be replaced by SGSF. For real time issues, it is further implemented on reconfigurable architectures so as to achieve high speed, low cost, low power consumption and less area. Therefore SGSF is realized on FPGA platform to combine the advantages of both. Real time EEG and ECG signals are also considered for experimentation. The experimental results show that the proposed methodology (FPGA-SGSF) significantly reduces the processing time and preserves the actual features of the signal.

Performance Evaluation and Implementation of FPGA Based SGSF in Smart Diagnostic Applications

Design of intelligent diabetes mellitus detection system using hybrid feature selection based XGBoost classifier.

Robust self-tuning fractional order PID controller dedicated to non-linear dynamic system

The aim of this article is to utilize fractional calculus for performance enhancement of nonlinear fuzzy PD + I controller. A fractional order fuzzy PD + I controller (FOFPD + I) is designed and implemented to control complex, uncertain and nonlinear robotic manipulator. FOFPD + I controller is derived from fractional order PD and fractional order I controller. The proposed control strategy has an adaptive capability due to its nonlinear gains and preserves the linear structure of fractional order PD + I controller. Further, integer-order fuzzy PD + I controller (FPD + I) and conventional PID controllers are also designed for comparative analysis. The optimum parameter values of FOFPD + I, FPD + I and PID controllers are obtained using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II. The effectiveness of proposed controller is examined for reference tracking and disturbance rejection problems of robotic manipulator. The designed controllers are also validated experimentally on DC servomotor. Simulation and experimental results prove the superiority of FOFPD + I controller as compared to its integer-order equivalent and conventional PID controllers for control of robotic manipulator.

Vijander Singh

Papers

Performance Evaluation and Implementation of FPGA Based SGSF in Smart Diagnostic Applications

Design of intelligent diabetes mellitus detection system using hybrid feature selection based XGBoost classifier.

Robust self-tuning fractional order PID controller dedicated to non-linear dynamic system

Robust nonlinear fractional order fuzzy PD plus fuzzy I controller applied to robotic manipulator

Robust adaptive fuzzy controller applied to double inverted pendulum