Materials for hydrogen-based energy storage – past, recent progress and future outlook

Magnesium based materials for hydrogen based energy storage: Past, present and future

Hydrogen is regarded as an ideal fuel for vehicle applications owing to its high chemical energy. However, for on-board energy storage, fuel cell electric vehicles need compact, light, and affordable hydrogen storage system to replace the pressurized hydrogen tanks. In this regard, various materials and composites have been developed for denser and safer hydrogen storage. Among them, Mg is considered as a highly promising material to store the hydrogen in terms of gravimetric and volumetric capacity. However, because of its higher thermodynamic stability and sluggish hydrogen sorption kinetics, the sorption temperature is high and the sorption time is long, limiting for practical usage. Nanoscale material designs with various dimensionalities that have been extensively studied and used in countless research and development sectors, which can provide new strategies to tackle the limitations of Mg based hydrogen storage system. This review describes the fundamental properties, preparation, activation kinetics and thermodynamic stability of various nanostructured Mg/MgH2 materials (including bulk particles, nanofilms, nanowires and nanoparticles confined in nanoporous carbon structures and encapsulated by polymers) for feasible hydrogen storage applications, and summarizes their dimensional effects.

Dimensional effects of nanostructured Mg/MgH2 for hydrogen storage applications: A review

Empowering hydrogen storage performance of MgH2 by nanoengineering and nanocatalysis

Recent progress of carbonaceous materials in fuel cell applications: An overview

The present investigation describes the hydrogen sorption (de/absorption) behavior of MgH2 catalyzed by graphene sheet templated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@GS). Hydrogen sorption studies reveal that MgH2 catalyzed by Fe3O4@GS (MgH2:Fe3O4@GS) offers improved hydrogen storage behavior as compared to stand-alone MgH2 catalyzed by graphene sheets (GS) (MgH2:GS) or Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MgH2:Fe3O4). The MgH2:Fe3O4@GS has an onset desorption temperature of ∼262 °C (∼142 °C lower than pristine MgH2), while MgH2:GS and MgH2:Fe3O4 have onset desorption temperatures of ∼275 °C and ∼298 °C respectively. In contrast to this, MgH2:GS absorbs 4.40 wt% and MgH2:Fe3O4 absorbs 5.50 wt% in 2.50 minutes at 290 °C under 15 atm hydrogen pressure. On the other hand, MgH2:Fe3O4@GS absorbs 6.20 wt% hydrogen in 2.50 minutes (which is considerably higher than recently studied catalyzed MgH2 systems) under identical temperature and pressure conditions. The MgH2 catalyzed with Fe3O4@GS shows negligible degradation of the storage capacity even after 25 cycles. Additionally, the desorption activation energy for MgH2:Fe3O4@GS has been found to be 90.53 kJ mol−1 (which is considerably lower as compared to metal/metal oxide catalyzed MgH2 and fluorographene catalyzed MgH2). The formation enthalpy for MgH2:Fe3O4@GS is 60.62 kJ per mole of H2 (13.44 kJ mol−1 lower than bulk MgH2). The catalytic effect of Fe3O4@GS has been described and discussed with the help of structural (X-ray diffraction (XRD)), micro structural (electron microscopy) and Raman spectroscopic studies.

Fe3O4@graphene as a superior catalyst for hydrogen de/absorption from/in MgH2/Mg

MgH2–ZrFe2Hx nanocomposites for improved hydrogen storage characteristics of MgH2

Ternary transition metal alloy FeCoNi nanoparticles on graphene as new catalyst for hydrogen sorption in MgH2

Catalytic effect of carbon nanostructures on the hydrogen storage properties of MgH2–NaAlH4 composite

Multiple improvements of hydrogen sorption and their mechanism for MgH2 catalyzed through TiH2@Gr

Vivek Shukla

Papers

Fe3O4@graphene as a superior catalyst for hydrogen de/absorption from/in MgH2/Mg

MgH2–ZrFe2Hx nanocomposites for improved hydrogen storage characteristics of MgH2

Ternary transition metal alloy FeCoNi nanoparticles on graphene as new catalyst for hydrogen sorption in MgH2

Catalytic effect of carbon nanostructures on the hydrogen storage properties of MgH2–NaAlH4 composite

Multiple improvements of hydrogen sorption and their mechanism for MgH2 catalyzed through TiH2@Gr