Augmented Reality (AR) and cyber-security technologies have existed for several decades, but their growth and progress in recent years have increased exponentially. The areas of application for these technologies are clearly heterogeneous, most especially in purchase and sales, production, tourism, education, as well as social interaction (games, entertainment, communication). Essentially, these technologies are recognized worldwide as some of the pillars of the new industrial revolution envisaged by the industry 4.0 international program, and are some of the leading technologies of the 21st century. The ability to provide users with required information about processes or procedures directly into the virtual environment is archetypally the fundamental factor in considering AR as an effective tool for different fields. However, the advancement in ICT has also brought about a variety of cybersecurity challenges, with a depth of evidence anticipating policy, architectural, design, and technical solutions in this very domain. The specific applications of AR and cybersecurity technologies have been described in detail in a variety of papers, which demonstrate their potential in diverse fields. In the context of smart cities, however, there is a dearth of sources describing their varied uses. Notably, a scholarly paper that consolidates research on AR and cybersecurity application in this context is markedly lacking. Therefore, this systematic review was designed to identify, describe, and synthesize research findings on the application of AR and cybersecurity for smart cities. The review study involves filtering information of their application in this setting from three key databases to answer the predefined research question. The keynote part of this paper provides an in-depth review of some of the most recent AR and cybersecurity applications for smart cities, emphasizing potential benefits, limitations, as well as open issues which could represent new challenges for the future. The main finding that we found is that there are five main categories of these applications for smart cities, which can be classified according to the main articles, such as tourism, monitoring, system management, education, and mobility. Compared with the general literature on smart cities, tourism, monitoring, and maintenance AR applications appear to attract more scholarly attention.

/pdf/augmented-reality-ar-and-cyber-security-for-smart-cities-a-2bwa5m6g.pdf

Augmented Reality (AR) and Cyber-Security for Smart Cities—A Systematic Literature Review

The growth of the e-waste in developing economies is putting a lot of pressure on the government bodies to implement a proper system for effective management of the discarded electronic products. It is also essential to monitor the progress as well as the failures to ensure well-informed decisions are implemented for e-waste management. Although, there exist many platforms exist to deal with the e-waste issues, but the concept of Artificial Intelligence can aid in faster and more effective e-waste management. The concept of Artificial Intelligence is relatively a newer concept which utilized various techniques for segregation into recycling of e-waste. The proposed study focuses on reviewing the past years papers from year 2015 to present for understanding the role of Artificial Intelligence in e-waste management. The paper also illustrates the scope of Artificial Intelligence in the management of e-waste in the coming time. In this paper we have employed Data Extraction and Synergy methodology to collect the data and write the review of papers by doing the analysis through graphs on the same basis. The opportunity associated with this is that the use of computational techniques is highly effective in the segregation of e-waste and the techniques also provide an effective vital routine in solving the heuristic problems related to E-waste in an effective manner. The novelty of the paper lies in explaining the impact and scope of Artificial Intelligence in the future and as well as in the present.

Artificial Intelligence in Waste Electronic and Electrical Equipment Treatment: Opportunities and Challenges

In the existing literature, Industry 4.0 and its potential impact on environmental sustainability have been studied from different perspectives. However, Industry 4.0 is a concept that gathers different technologies that are not necessarily combined. It is clear that the combination of different technologies is the core value of Industry 4.0. However, the examination of each technology separately is crucial for determining the right combination of technologies for each specific case. Therefore, the following research provides a systematic literature review (SLR) of each technology included in Industry 4.0 and its effects on environmental sustainability aspects based on 107 research papers. 417 articles from the SCOPUS database, which contain the word Industry 4.0 in the title, abstract, and/or in the indexed keywords, were scanned by the command-line program Astrogrep to find the most common Industry 4.0 technologies. The results revealed that the Internet of Things (IoT) was mentioned 252 times, Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) 81 times, Simulation 38 times, Blockchain 30 times, Augmented Reality (AG) 27 times, and Additive Manufacturing (3D printers) 23 times. First, the study reviews the potential effects of the six technologies on different aspects of environmental sustainability. Later on, the challenges faced by organizations when applying these technologies for environmental purposes were reviewed, and new research scopes and future research directions were highlighted.

http://smenec.org/index.php/1/article/download/511/465

Industry 4.0 technologies' effects on environmental sustainability - A systematic literature review

Drone Technology in Waste Management: A Review

Technology and related fields are advancing rapidly in today’s era, which is leading to the increased usage of electronic equipment especially mobile phones. This rapid growth in the usage of technological equipment gives rise to E-waste generation since the advancement in technology forces the users to replace their existing equipment with the advanced ones. This throw on the scrapheap is increasing exponentially, leading to the immense generation of E-waste. The growing amount of waste must be properly handled and disposed off. E-waste mainly consists of chemicals and metals, which can be harmful or toxic in nature. Giving a blind eye to the handling of this waste can lead to great mishaps. Here, it mainly focuses on the technologies used for the handling of E-waste and provide a technical solution, which is an Android Application. This will take the image for processing and based on YOLO algorithms, it will identify the electronic device from image and will list out the components of identified device. The final output of the application will make the E-waste management process easier for managing data and will work as an awareness tool to make people aware about the E-Waste threats.

E-Safe: An E-waste Management and Awareness Application using YOLO Object Detection

The growing demand of digital technologies are increasing the quality of human life at an unprecedented rate, but at the same time managing e-waste from these digital technologies are emerging as one of the biggest challenges for most of the industrial and government bodies. Collection of E-waste causes various problems such as environmental effluence, resource scarcity and it also results in developing various health hazards to human population. In this paper, we propose a framework using wireless sensor network and augmented reality to detect and mark the various high pollutant zone, which would save people from being exposed to hazardous environment.

Vivek Velayutham

Papers

Managing and Monitoring E-Waste Using Augmented Reality in India