Low sulfur gasoline of relatively high octane number is produced from a cracked, sulfur-containing olefinic naphthas by hydrodesulfurization followed by treatment over an acidic catalyst comprising an intermediate pore size zeolite such as zeolite ZSM-5 in combination with molybdenum. The use of the molybdenum in combination with the zeolite has been found to give improved catalytic activity coupled with lower coking, longer catalyst life and other advantages.

Gasoline upgrading process

Hydrocarbons are converted by contacting them at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with an acidic multimetallic catalytic composite, comprising a combination of catalytically effective amounts of a platinum group component, a rhenium component, a tin component, a cobalt component, and a halogen component with a porous carrier material. The platinum group component, rhenium component, tin component, cobalt component, and halogen component are present in the multimetallic catalyst in amounts respectively, calculated on an elemental basis, corresponding to about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum group metal, about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % rhenium, about 0.01 to about 5 wt. % tin, about 0.05 to about 5 wt. % cobalt, and about 0.1 to about 3.5 wt. % halogen. Moreover, these metallic components are uniformly dispersed throughout the porous carrier material in carefully controlled oxidation states such that substantially all of the platinum group metal is present therein in the elemental metallic state, substantially all of the cobalt and rhenium components are present in the corresponding elemental metallic state or in a state which is reducible to the corresponding elemental metallic state under hydrocarbon conversion conditions or in a mixture of these states, while substantially all of the tin is present therein in an oxidation state above that of the elemental metal. A specific example of the type of hydrocarbon conversion process disclosed is a process for the catalytic reforming of a low-octane gasoline fraction wherein the gasoline fraction and a hydrogen stream are contacted with the acidic multimetallic catalyst disclosed herein at reforming conditions.

Hydrocarbon conversion with an acidic multimetallic catalytic composite

Highly stable and active catalysts are provided for the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons with C2 -C4 olefins. The catalysts are extruded composites of an acidic, crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite, e.g. Y zeolite, and a porous mineral oxide binder. The basic novel feature of the invention resides in the shape and size of the catalyst extrudates. By shaping the extrudates so as to give a high ratio of external surface area to volume, resistance to deactivation is found to be much improved, as well as activity and selectivity.

Alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons

A method and apparatus for controlling emissions of a fossil fuel fired boiler including a high temperature fabric filter house with an SCR catalyst situated therein for receiving flue gases along with an injected ammoniacal compound and sorbent. The sorbent reacts with the SO x while the ammoniacal compound reduces the NO x in the presence of the SCR catalyst inside the high temperature fabric filter house. Both the SO x and the particulates are removed upstream of the SCR catalyst to diminish the problems of SO 2 or SO 3 poisoning of the catalyst and erosion and fouling of the catalyst with the fly ash. Since the sulfur oxides and particulates are removed prior to the heat recovery system, the fouling and corrosion potential are substantially decreased thus allowing the heat recovery system to be operated at a lower outlet flue gas temperature which yields an incremental improvement in energy recovery.

Improved SOx, NOx, and particulate removal system

Disclosed is a hydrocracking process employing a plurality of reaction zones wherein at least one reaction zone contains a small nominal size hydrocracking catalyst (10 to 16 U.S. Sieve mesh size) and wherein the catalyst situated upstream of the small nominal size hydrocracking has a particle size greater than the small nominal size hydrocracking catalyst.

Hydrocracking process using disparate catalyst particle sizes

An improvement in the process of hydroforming petroleum fractions wherein a petroleum fraction is contacted in gaseous phase and in the presence of hydrogen with catalyst particles comprised of a formed porous alumina base carrying a promoter selected from platinum and mixtures of platinum and rhenium, gallium, germanium, iridium, rhodium, and zinc, said improvement comprising use of catalyst particles which are of polylobal cross-sectional shape.

W Gustafson

Papers

Hydroforming petroleum fractions in gas phase using shaped catalyst particles