Dry sliding wear of aluminium composites : A review

The role of oxidation in the wear of alloys

Review of oxidational wear: Part I: The origins of oxidational wear

Often stones on beaches pounded by waves wear into quite smooth, regular shapes, sometimes apparently ellipsoidal and even spherical [8]. This paper begins with an idealization of this wearing process for materials isotropic with respect to wear, then develops an equation governing the idealized process, and goes on to show that a stone which is initially convex and centrally symmetric tends to assume a spherical shape as a consequence of the governing equation. This conclusion is predicated on the assumption that the mathematical conditions describing the wearing process are those of a well-posed problem.

Shapes of worn stones

High-temperature sliding wear of metals

The wear of a wide range of material combinations has been studied in unlubricated conditions. Loads of 50 g to 10 Kg and speeds of 2 to 660 cm/s have been used. A representative selection of the results is given. As a broad classification two contrasting mechanisms of wear have been observed. In nearly all experiments, and for all types of wear mechanism, once equilibrium surface conditions are established the wear rate is independent of the apparent area of contact. The wear rate is accurately proportional to the load for only a limited number of combinations but there are many other examples for which the relation between wear rate and load shows only a small deviation from direct proportionality. It is suggested that with the same surface conditions the wear rate is proportional to the load; in practice this simple relation is modified because the surface conditions depend on the load. These rules of wear may be derived, on a priori grounds, from the experimental results, or from more detailed theoretical calculations.

W. Hirst

Papers

The wear of metals under unlubricated conditions