Walter Gantert

TL;DR: It is shown that there are only a few points within laparoscopic cholecystectomy where the complication-causing errors occur, which suggests that focused training to heighten vigilance might be able to decrease the incidence of bile duct injury.

TL;DR: Thesedata support a strategy of reserving botulinum toxin for patients who are not candidates for pneumatic dilatation or laparoscopic Hellermyotomy, and show that myotomy relieved dysphagia in 91% of patients who had not been treated withBotox.

TL;DR: Laroscopic repair of paraesophageal hiatal hernias is safe and effective, but the operation is difficult and good results hinge on details of the operative technique and the surgeon's experience.

TL;DR: Laparoscopic Heller myotomy with Dor fundoplication was found to be superior to thoracoscopic Hellermyotomy, but the laparoscopic approach avoided postoperative reflux and even corrected reflux present preoperatively.

TL;DR: Laroscopic antireflux operations control symptoms without producing adverse effects if the following technical elements are included: the hernia is repaired and the hiatus reduced to a normal size, the short gastric vessels are divided, a total or partial wrap is used based on the quality of esophageal peristalsis, and the wrap is anchored in the abdomen.