In the article, we consider a technique for training university students, who study IT specialties to solve problems of finding ergonomic reserves to improve the efficiency of automated systems. We describe the structure of the “Ergonomics of Automated Systems” course, software for evaluating and optimizing the activities of operators of “human-equipment-environment” systems, and methodological techniques for using ergonomic computer modeling to build effective automated control systems. Discipline is built using a mansystem approach to the study and design of automated systems, when a person is considered the main element of the system, but the diverse influence of hardware, software and information support, as well as the environment, is taken into account. A significant difference between the developed method and similar existing disciplines devoted to the study of the “human factor” is that, firstly, not only the characteristics of the human operator working with technology are studied, but also the mutual influence of system elements; secondly, the course is based on a qualimetric approach to assess the reliability of the activity and the economic results of this activity; thirdly, the computer modeling used is focused on optimization with the use of economic criteria of activity, while observing the requirements of ergonomic norms and standards. Functional networks developed by the scientific school “Efficiency, Reliability, and Quality of Ergotechnical Systems” by Professor Anatoly Ilyich Gubinsky were used as a methodological basis for modeling and optimization of activities.

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The method of teaching IT students computer analysis of ergonomic reserves of the effectiveness of automated control systems

The paper considers accidents and potential hazards of the world chemical enterprises, and provides statistics of accidents and human casualties. The authors investigate harmful factors affecting the production process and a human-operator, showing the central role of a human in the technological process (both as a source of errors and as an active element that eliminates errors, failures and cyber attacks’ consequences). We essentially consider automated technological complex as a Human-Machine-Environment system, thus a human-system approach should be applied. The authors developed a complex of systemic components and morphological models, which describe the human-machine system in the sections required for analysis, to ensure sustainable and reliable design with initial data. The authors also propose a method and information technology for interfaces’ ergonomic assessment; the principles for adaptive interfaces design; and mathematical models and information technology to assess safety and timeliness indicators of the chemical production operators’ activities. The models are based on the principles of the functional-structural theory by Anatoly Gubinsky, Vladimir Evgrafov, Akiva Asherov, Pavel Chabaneko and others, and on the mathematical apparatus of functional networks. Further, the authors develop an optimization model for decision supporting organizing the human-machine control technology, using the criterion of minimizing losses from unreliability and unsustainability. Both the models and the information technology have undergone extensive testing, including solving the tasks of: choosing the automation level for the control process; distributing functions between operators; control algorithms design; user interface design, design of agent-managers to support the operators’ activities. The results can be used as the basis for a decision support system to ensure sustainability and reliability of automated technological systems in chemical industry.

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Sustainability and reliability ensurance models for automated technological systems in chemical industry: systemic ergonomic approach

In the evaluation of CNC machine tools reliability test,the correction coefficient is greatly affected by numerous factors and can't be directly calculated and the affecting results is fuzzy,a calculation method for reliability correction coefficient based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is proposed. In this method,the key factors affecting the reliability correction coefficient are analyzed,the factor set obtained by experimental data normalization is established,the first level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix is constructed by triangular membership functions,combined w ith expert scoring system,the final comprehensive evaluation matrix is formed,and by the maximum membership degree principle suitable for individual identification,reliability correction coefficient is judged. Reliability assessment test is performed on KVC1400 B machining centers by Proving Ground test methods. The M TBF of the test is consistent w ith that of five same model machines for consecutive four-year field track statistics test,w hich suggests that fuzzy comprehensive evaluation can easily solve the problem of CNC machine tools reliability assessment correction coefficient calculation.

The Calculation of NC Machine Tools Reliability Correction Factor Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation

The stages of development and implementation of neural network methods for visual determination of the reference points coordinates of a specific technical object are considered. Publicly available information about artificial neural networks and computer vision is analyzed. The description of the proposed intellectual system is carried out, questions of data markup, as well as an artificial increase in their number, are raised. The resulting intelligent system has an average accuracy of 95.2%.

Computer Vision System for Determining the Reference Point

The reliability evaluation indices of computer numerical control (CNC) machine tool system have many levels and characteristics. In this paper, the CNC machine tool system is regarded as man-machine system. And the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to consider the influence of the reliability of the CNC machine tools and the operators on the system reliability. First, an evaluation index system is established and the criteria layer and the indicator layer are determined. Then, the weights of the indicators at each level are calculated by expert scoring. And finally, a comprehensive evaluation score is obtained through step-by-step evaluation. Taking JW4050AL machining center as an example, the results show that the reliability of this type of machine tool is at a high level, which is consistent with the actual situation. The results show that this method is suitable for the reliability evaluation of CNC machine tools.

Wei Dai

Papers

Research on Reliability Evaluation of Computer Numerical Control Machine Tool System Based on Man-Machine System