Product architecture is the scheme by which the function of a product is allocated to physical components. This paper further defines product architecture, provides a typology of product architectures, and articulates the potential linkages between the architecture of the product and five areas of managerial importance: (1) product change; (2) product variety; (3) component standardization; (4) product performance; and (5) product development management. The paper is conceptual and foundational, synthesizing fragments from several different disciplines, including software engineering, design theory, operations management and product development management. The paper is intended to raise awareness of the far-reaching implications of the architecture of the product, to create a vocabulary for discussing and addressing the decisions and issues that are linked to product architecture, and to identify and discuss specific trade-offs associated with the choice of a product architecture.

The Role of Product Architecture in the Manufacturing Firm

This article presents the results of a study conducted in two phases within a single industry context. The first phase involved comparative case studies to ground the applicability of the resource-based view of the firm within the domain of environmental responsiveness. The second phase involved testing the relationships observed during the case studies through a mail survey. It was found that strategies of proactive responsiveness to the uncertainties inherent at the interface between the business and ecological issues were associated with the emergence of unique organizational capabilities. These capabilities, in turn, were seen to have implications for firm competitiveness. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

/pdf/proactive-corporate-environmental-strategy-and-the-3akydurvl8.pdf

Proactive corporate environmental strategy and the development of competitively valuable organizational capabilities

http://www.shuhab.com/Downloads/WhyERP_UmblesCS.pdf

Enterprise resource planning: Implementation procedures and critical success factors

This paper reviews the literature pertaining to the assessment of knowledge assets. Since knowledge assets are at the crux of sustainable competitive advantage, the burgeoning field of intellectual capital is an exciting area for both researchers and practitioners. Unfortunately, the measurement of such intangible assets is difficult. A variety of models have surfaced in an attempt to measure IC and this paper aims to highlight their strengths, weaknesses and operationalizations.

http://www.tarrani.net/kate/docs/AssessingKnowledgeAssets.pdf

Assessing knowledge assets: a review of the models used to measure intellectual capital

Marketing was originally built on a goods-centered, manufacturing-based model of economic exchange developed during the Industrial Revolution. Since its beginning, marketing has been broadening its perspective to include the exchange of more than manufactured goods. The subdiscipline of service marketing has emerged to address much of this broadened perspective, but it is built on the same goods and manufacturing-based model. The influence of this model is evident in the prototypical characteristics that have been identified as distinguishing services from goods—intangibility, inseparability, heterogeneity, and perishability. The authors argue that these characteristics (a) do not distinguish services from goods, (b) only have meaning from a manufacturing perspective, and (c) imply inappropriate normative strategies. They suggest that advances made by service scholars can provide a foundation for a more service-dominant view of all exchange from which more appropriate normative strategies can be developed...

https://www.ida.liu.se/divisions/hcs/ixs/material/servicedesignGbg10/2%20Additional%20readings/MarketingMyths.pdf

The Four Service Marketing Myths Remnants of a Goods-Based, Manufacturing Model

Harvard Business Review : 抄録雑誌の概要

Part 1 Overview - six categories of techno-paradigm shift: manufacturing companies business dynamics R&D activities technology development innovation pattern technology diffusion some comments on research methodology. Part 2 Companies and business dynamics - from producing to thinking organization for diversification: changing pattern of manufacturing companies flexible manufacturing system database for diversification studies measurement of diversification sectoral patterns of diversification policies for diversification. Part 3 R&D activities - from visible to invisible competitors: structural characteristics of high-tech industry the dynamics of R&D programmes database for R&D dynamics mathematical formulation of R&D dynamics statistical tests of dynamic models identification of sectoral pattern policy implications. Part 4 Technology development - from linear to demand articulation process: survey of relevant literatures structure of demand articulation process of demand articulation public policy for demand articulation - Japanese experiences in collective research technological rationale of collective research database for studies of collective research economic rationale of participation derived dichotomy of collective research. Part 5 Innovation pattern - from breakthrough to technology fusion: mechatronics revolution optoelectronics revolution technology fusion mathematical formulation high technology and technology fusion. Part 6 Technology diffusion - from technical to institutional inertia: descriptive evidence database for analysis of quantitative evidence choice of mathematical models two types of innovations diffusion of computer into prefectural governments identification of diffusion pattern.

文雄児玉

Papers

Harvard Business Review : 抄録雑誌の概要

Analyzing Japanese high technologies : the techno-paradigm shift

文雄 児玉

Papers

Harvard Business Review : 抄録雑誌の概要

Analyzing Japanese high technologies : the techno-paradigm shift

文雄児玉