Electrophoretic deposited boron nitride nanosheets-containing chitosan-based coating on Mg alloy for better corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and antibacterial properties

Coupling a titanium dioxide based heterostructure photoanode with electroless-deposited nickel-phosphorus alloy coating on magnesium alloy for enhanced corrosion protection

Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) ensued from total joint replacement (TJR) pose a severe threat to patients that involve poor health outcomes, severe pain, death (in severe cases), and negative influence patients’ quality of life. Antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) is frequently used for the prevention and treatment of PJI. This work aims to study gentamicin release from carbon nanotubes (CNTs) incorporated in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement to prolong release over several weeks to provide prophylaxis from PJIs after surgery. Different CNT concentrations were tested with the presence of gentamicin as a powder or preloaded onto carboxyl functionalized CNTs. The different types of bone cement were tested for drug release, mechanical properties, water uptake, antimicrobial properties, and cytocompatibility with human osteoblast cells (MTT, LDH, alizarin red, and morphology). Results showed prolonged release of gentamicin from CNT-loaded bone cements over several weeks compared to gentamicin-containing bone cement. Additionally, the presence of CNT enhanced the percentage of gentamicin released without adversely affecting the nanocomposite mechanical and antimicrobial properties needed for performance. Cytotoxicity testing showed non-inferior performance of the CNT-containing bone cement to the equivalent powder containing cement. Therefore, the developed nanocomposites may serve as a novel PMMA bone cement to prevent PJIs.

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Antimicrobial PMMA Bone Cement Containing Long Releasing Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Effect of Ag Addition on Microstructure, Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Mg–Nd–Zn–Zr Alloy for Orthopedic Application

Abstract The use of magnesium and its alloys as temporary implants has gained interest in the last two decades due to their good mechanical properties and bio-degradability in the in-vivo conditions. However, the issues of higher corrosion rate and stress corrosion cracking persist, which are responsible for the implants’ early failure. This review paper focuses on the challenges involved in the use of magnesium-based implants and the advancements in mitigating the corrosion-related issues for in-vivo use of biodegradable magnesium alloy implants. Herein we review the degradation behavior of three groups of magnesium alloys, i.e., aluminum-containing Mg alloy, rare earth element (REE) containing Mg alloy, and aluminum-free Mg alloy in a variety of testing media. We also review various surface modification techniques such as mechanical methods, physical methods, and chemical methods adopted to address the shortcomings of the Mg alloys. Furthermore, recent developments in Mg based bioimplants such as Mg-based open porous scaffolds, nanostructured Mg alloys and Mg based bulk metallic glasses are reviewed. In the end, recent clinical trials of the Mg-based implant were reported in detail.

https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/corrrev-2021-0088/pdf

Corrosion, stress corrosion cracking and corrosion fatigue behavior of magnesium alloy bioimplants

Enhanced corrosion resistance, antibacterial activity and biocompatibility of gentamicin-montmorillonite coating on Mg alloy-in vitro and in vivo studies

Wenxin Sun

Papers

Enhanced corrosion resistance, antibacterial activity and biocompatibility of gentamicin-montmorillonite coating on Mg alloy-in vitro and in vivo studies