Exhaust gases containing oxides of nitrogen and sulfur from a fired process heater, a fossil fuel fired boiler, or a chemical process are diverted from a stack prior to admission to the atmosphere through a duct system containing heat exchangers that reduce the exhaust gas from an elevated temperature, if any, to about ambient temperature. Any heat extracted from the exhaust gas may be transferred to the boiler feed water which would serve to reduce the energy cost of operating a boiler. Once the exhaust gas is cooled to about ambient temperature, the gas is then mixed with an oxidant, such as ozone, at a preselected molar ratio to transform the oxides to higher orders of nitrogen and sulfur oxides to increase the absorbability of the nitrogen and sulfur oxides in a reagent solution. The reagent absorbs the oxidized contaminants from the exhaust gas. The oxides are transformed to dilute acids which are then neutralized to form salts that are acceptable for discharge to a municipal waste water treatment plant. The treated exhaust gas is then emitted from an exhaust stack containing contaminants at a level meeting air quality standards. Additionally any heat recovered from the exhaust gas can be used to lower operating costs.

Process for removing nox and sox from exhaust gas

In the control of pollutants such as NOx in the exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, ozone is reacted with NO to form NO2, which is then reduced catalytically to N2, by reacting NO2 with ammonia. The NO2 produced can react with the particulates of Diesel engine to exhaust gas to regenerate a particulate filter.

Combatting air pollution

Industrial combustion facilities are integrated with greenhouse gas-solidifying fertilizer production reactions so that CO 2 , CO, NO x , and SO x emissions can be converted prior to emission into carbonate-containing fertilizers, mainly NH 4 HCO 3 and/or (NH 2 ) 2 CO, plus a small fraction of NH 4 NO 3 and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 . The invention enhances sequestration of CO 2 into soil and the earth subsurface, reduces N0 3 − contamination of surface and groundwater, and stimulates photosynthetic fixation of CO 2 from the atmosphere. The method for converting CO 2 , CO, NO x , and SO x emissions into fertilizers includes the step of collecting these materials from the emissions of industrial combustion facilities such as fossil fuel-powered energy sources and transporting the emissions to a reactor. In the reactor, the CO 2 , CO, N 2 , SO x , and/or NO x are converted into carbonate-containing fertilizers using H 2 , CH 4 , or NH 3 . The carbonate-containing fertilizers are then applied to soil and green plants to (1) sequester inorganic carbon into soil and subsoil earth layers by enhanced carbonation of groundwater and the earth minerals, (2) reduce the environmental problem of NO 3 − runoff by substituting for ammonium nitrate fertilizer, and (3) stimulate photosynthetic fixation of CO 2 from the atmosphere by the fertilization effect of the carbonate-containing fertilizers.

Method for reducing CO2, CO, NOX, and SOx emissions

The present invention relates to a process for removing nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxides and mercury from gas streams such as furnace or utility boiler flue gas streams, particularly those derived from coal-fired utility boilers. A stream containing relatively low concentration of ozone from an ozone concentrator is feed to a barrier discharge reactor. Nitrogen oxides and mercury in the flue gas are oxidized by oxygen and hydroxyl radicals formed in the reactor. The flue gas is then directed to a reactor duct along with the ozone at a greater concentration wherein the remaining nitrogen oxides and mercury in the gas stream will react with the ozone to form nitric acid, nitric acid precursors, mixtures thereof and mercuric oxide. These impurities can then be removed from the gas stream by use of an aqueous scrubber, a wet electrostatic precipitator, a dry scrubber or a semi-dry scrubber.

Process for the removal of impurities from gas streams

This invention provides a process of removing sulfur oxides, mercury vapor, and fine particulate matters from industrial flue gases that contain such pollutants. The pollutants are removed by modules, which contain microporous adsorbent (i.e., sorbent) material that is held within a polymer matrix. The preferred polymers are fluoropolymers. The composite material that contains the microporous absorbent material held within a polymer matrix removes sulfur oxides by converting them into high concentration sulfuric acids. It also removes mercury vapor by chemically adsorbing the mercury into the matrix. It also removes fine particulate matters by surface filtration. The sulfuric acid that is produced inside the composite material is automatically expelled onto the external surfaces of the composite material and is drained into an acid reservoir together with the fine particulate matters which are washed from the external surfaces of the composite material by the constant dripping of the sulfuric acid along the external surfaces of the composite material.

Flue gas purification process using a sorbent polymer composite material

Exhaust gases containing oxides of nitrogen and sulfur from a fired process heater, a fossil fuel fired boiler, or a chemical process are diverted from a stack prior to admission to the atmosphere through a duct system containing heat exchangers that reduce the exhaust gas from an elevated temperature, if any, to about ambient temperature. Any heat extracted from the exhaust gas may be transferred to the boiler feed water which would serve to reduce the energy cost of operating a boiler. Once the exhaust gas is cooled to about ambient temperature, the gas is then mixed with an oxidant, such as ozone, at a preselected molar ratio to transform the oxides to higher orders of nitrogen and sulfur oxides to increase the absorbability of the nitrogen and sulfur oxides in a reagent solution, The reagent absorbs the oxidized contaminants from the exhaust gas. The oxides are transformed to dilute acids which are then neutralized to form salts that are acceptable for discharge to a municipal waste water treatment plant. The treated exhaust gas is then emitted from an exhaust stack containing contaminants at a level meeting air quality standards. Additionally any heat recovered from the exhaust gas can be used to lower operating costs.

Wesley M. Rohrer

Papers

Process for removing nox and sox from exhaust gas

A process for removing contaminants from exhaust gas

Vefahren zum Entfernen von NOx und SOx aus einem Abgas