Introduction Explaining Regionalism in East Asia: Theoretical Perspectives State Sovereignty, Collective Action Problems, and Regional Integration in Southeast Asia Business Interests and Regional Integration in Southeast Asia: Comparison with Europe Intergovernmentalism and Emerging Regionalism in Northeast Asia Business Involvement in Regional Cooperation in Northeast Asia ASEAN's Manipulation of Balancing and Entangling Strategy in East Asia China's Regional Economic Diplomacy in Pursuit of Domestic/ Global Interests Japan's East Asian Diplomacy in Patchwork Realism and NaIve Liberalism Conclusions

The political economy of regionalism in East Asia : integrative explanation for dynamics and challenges

The Economic Expansion

Diplomacy is an art in achieving the objectives of such country. Diplomacy fruitfulness is determined by various factors. This research aims to anatomize the diplomatic efforts of Brazil to host the FIFA 2014 World Cup as well as the factors that determine the successful of it achievement and impacts of the FIFA 2014 World Cup for the development of Brazil's economy. Research findings indicate that Brazil performs multilateral diplomacy conducted at FIFA. It is supported by the precise momentum, the good leadership of President Lula Da Silva in making Brazil as a leader in the Latin America, friendly foreign policy, and the support of the major powers. The positive impact of the FIFA 2014 World Cup in Brazil can be found in terms of political, economic and social benefits, while the negative impact appears in the form of increased crime rates. Keywords: Multilateral Diplomacy, Leadership, Foreign Policy

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Piala dunia 2014: cermin keberhasilan diplomasi brazil serta dampaknya bagi perkembangan ekonomi

ACFTA or ASEAN-China Free Trade Area, also known as China-ASEAN Free Trade Area is an economic agreement to construct a free trade zone between 10 ASEAN member countries and China to eliminate various tariff and non-tariff barriers. All of ASEAN members’ leaders and China’s leader signed the ACFTA on November 5, 2002 in Phnom Penh, Cambodia which latter came into effect on January 1, 2010. Since then, it was recorded in 2016 that the total trade between ASEAN and China has reached to US$ 475 billion, thus making China as ASEAN’s largest trading partner while ASEAN serves as China’s third largest trading partner. This means that China’s export to ASEAN is more than ASEAN’s export to China. It could be seen that the free trade area has benefitted China more than it has benefit ASEAN. This paper aims to provide brief explanation on how China 1 The author is an Assistant Professor at the UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur. 2 The author is an undergraduate student at the UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur. is able to benefit more on the trade agreement. Using a descriptive method of analysis, combined with expansionism and multilateral diplomacy concepts, it can be found that China is able to utilize various means to maximize its benefit in the ACFTA scope of agreement. Through the ACFTA, China has managed to master trade routes, break trade barriers, invest more, deepen economic cooperation contracts and master production skills in manufacturing all across ASEAN member countries. All of these efforts are made possible by China’s favourable multilateral diplomacy instruments in the ACFTA.

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Widji Anugrah Sari

Papers

Multilateral Diplomacy as China’s Expansionism in ACFTA