AANGEPAST DOOR ANNE:[-]Dit boek geeft een uitgebreid overzicht van alle sociale hervormingen die de afgelopen dertig jaar in Europa zijn doorgevoerd. Aan bod komen Duitsland, Oostenrijk, Frankrijk, Belgi , Nederland, Spanje, Itali , Zwitserland, Tsjechi , Hongarije, Polen en Slowakije. Bruno Palier toont aan dat al deze landen vergaande hervormingen hebben doorgevoerd in hun zorgstelsel. De oudere structuren, gebaseerd op de eerste sociale zorgstelsels als die onder Bismarck, voldoen niet meer aan de hedendaagse maatschappelijke behoeften. Zo is met de emancipatie van werknemers de hi rarchische structuur veranderd en is de man niet langer vanzelfsprekend de kostwinner van het gezin. Tegenwoordig hebben veel landen een duaal systeem dat onderscheid maakt tussen bescherming van goedfunctionerende burgers en de ondersteuning en motivatie van 'atypische' deelnemers aan de samenleving.[-][-]Bruno Palier is onderzoeker aan de Fondation nationale des sciences politiques in Parijs en wetenschappelijk co rdinator van de European Network of Excellence, Reconciling Work and Welfare in Europe (RECWOWE).[-][-][-]During the 2000s, all continental European countries implemented important structural reforms of their welfare systems (a shift to multi-pillar pension systems, activation, competition in health insurance and care policies outside the family). Even though the changes only became fully apparent over the past decade, this book shows that they must be understood as the culmination of a longer reform trajectory. This book is devoted to the detailed analysis of this reform trajectory. Taken together, the reforms have contributed to a reorganisation of the Bismarckian welfare systems as a whole: they have lost their encompassing capacities, partly turned to activation and employment-friendliness, and weakened the strongest elements of their male breadwinner bias. Instead of the emergence of new hybrid welfare systems, the book concludes that Continental Europe witnessed the development of dual welfare systems that differentiate between the protection of the core workers and the activation of the -atypical (low skilled) ones, and thus contribute to the dualisation of Continental European societies.

/pdf/a-long-goodbye-to-bismarck-the-politics-of-welfare-reform-in-36zn7yk8o6.pdf

A Long Goodbye to Bismarck? : The Politics of Welfare Reform in Continental Europe

Floating the System: Germany, the United States, and the Breakdown of Bretton Woods, 1969–1973

So far, historians working on the two sides of what used to be a divided Europe have had considerable contacts but they have operated – at least in the realm of international history and the history of European integration – with largely separate agendas and networks. The authors of this special-issue introduction have both come to work on the increasing interaction between East and West in the framework of detente, and feel that the time is ripe for a scholarly analysis of the concepts, strategies and approaches of the Socialist regimes to pan-European co-operation in the long 1970s. Through a collaborative research effort, specialists on specific Socialist countries and historians of Western Europe (and particularly of its integrative experience) are brought together in this special issue of the European Review of History to bridge the existing gap between two parallel strands of scholarship. Their close collaboration is the key to the conceptual development of a broader view of pan-European co-operatio...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13507486.2014.888711

European Socialist regimes facing globalisation and European co-operation: dilemmas and responses – introduction

This article aims to shed new light on Germany’s domineering role in the eurocrisis. I argue that the realist-inspired depiction of Germany as a ‘geo-economic power’, locked into zero-sum competiti...

/pdf/beyond-geo-economics-advanced-unevenness-and-the-anatomy-of-42itxyuh0m.pdf

Beyond ‘geo-economics’: advanced unevenness and the anatomy of German austerity

This thesis investigates the governance of so-called regional innovation systems. It studies regional and sub-regional dynamics in building institutional environments conducive to innovation. The research employs a qualitative research methodology that comprises semi-structured interviews with 47 policy-makers, practitioners and academics in four case studies of city-regions within the German Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia: Aachen, Dortmund, Duisburg and Dusseldorf. It identifies factors influencing the systemic-ness of business and innovation support, particularly within the triple helix of university-industry-government relations. It argues that important sub-regional governance dynamics are neglected by many contemporary regional conceptualisations and proposes considering local innovation systems as an alternative. Hence, it scrutinises the appropriateness of the current academic conceptualisations and, in particular, criticises their value in terms of operational guidance. The thesis argues that certain regional innovation policies and governance dynamics fail to constitute a regional innovation system and calls for organisational innovation in the framework structure to revive or maintain inter-institutional dynamics and cooperative relationships towards achieving a coherent, holistic and strategic policy approach. This thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of how to make a regional innovation system work and what important aspects are to be considered for implementing innovation policy – including cluster policy – successfully.

On the governance of regional innovation systems. Case studies from four city-regions within the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia: Aachen, Dortmund, Duisburg and Düsseldorf

Deutsche Wirtschaftsgeschichte seit 1945

The dollars—and pounds, and francs—came pouring in. Speculators and small savers across Western Europe raced to exchange their currencies for the Deutsche Mark. “Hot money” flowed into Germany at astounding rates. The reserves of West Germany's central bank, the Bundesbank, shot up by DM 9.4 billion ($2.15 billion) in the first three weeks of November 1968—with DM 7.3 billion arriving in just three days of trading. Airports in Germany barred exchanges of more than one hundred francs at a time; train stations in Zurich stopped accepting French notes altogether.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0008938906000033

“Number One in Europe”: The Startling Emergence of the Deutsche Mark, 1968–1969

Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe: Deutsche Entwicklungsarbeit in Afrika 1960–1975

This article reexamines the diplomacy of Willy Brandt’s Ostpolitik, focusing on two landmark achievements in 1970: the Moscow Treaty in August, and the Warsaw Treaty in December. On the basis of declassified US and German documentation, it argues that envoy Egon Bahr’s unconventional approach resulted in a poorly negotiated treaty with the Soviet Union that failed to address vital problems such as the status of Berlin. The outcome deepened political polarization at home and proved disconcerting to many West German allies; it also forced the four World War II victors—Britain, France, the United States, and the Soviet Union—to save Brandt’s Ostpolitik by grinding out an agreement on access to Berlin. By contrast, West German negotiations in Warsaw yielded a treaty more in line with West German expectations, though the results proved sorely disappointing to the Polish leadership. Disagreements over restitution payments (repacked as government credits) and the emigration of ethnic Germans would bedevil German-Polish relations for years to come. Bonn’s Ostpolitik thus had a harder edge than the famous image of Brandt kneeling in Warsaw would suggest.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/DBF68250FAA425EEBB2D67EEB8CE032C/S000893891600087Xa.pdf/div-class-title-paradoxes-of-span-class-italic-ostpolitik-span-revisiting-the-moscow-and-warsaw-treaties-1970-div.pdf

Paradoxes of Ostpolitik: Revisiting the Moscow and Warsaw Treaties, 1970

of the State Treaty as the “Austrian Scandal” (“österreichische Schweinerei”) and his threat to send Austria Hitler’s remains if they were ever found underscored how successfully the erstwhile lover and protégé had broken the German connection. However opportunistic Austria’s claims to victimhood under the Nazis or reprehensible its denial of an Austrian guilt in the Holocaust, these actions served not only to give both sides in the Cold War plausible grounds to rehabilitate Austria, but in combination with the implications of the State Treaty, they provided an indispensable (if largely false) foundation on which to build a new Austrian identity separate from a German connection. If there is a criticism to be leveled at Professor Steininger it is that he does not make this process and outcome more explicit. For those uninitiated in Austrian history, the author’s presentation of what happened between 1918 and 1945 may seem to be no more than a requisite interwar background for the unfolding of yet another aspect of what happened during the Cold War, yet for those who are among the initiates, Steininger’s presentation of the relationship between Germany and Austria in that era and up to 1955 is more like that between Banquo’s ghost and Macbeth, except that in this version the guilty Macbeth gets to enjoy his feast.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0008938909990653

Die Rückkehr auf den Weltmarkt. Die Internationalisierung der Bayer AG Leverkusen nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg bis zum Jahre 1961. By Patrick Kleedehn. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. 2007. Beiträge zur Unternehmensgeschichte, Bd. 26. Pp. 385. Paper €50.00. ISBN 978-3-515-09029-2.

William Glenn Gray

Papers

Deutsche Wirtschaftsgeschichte seit 1945

“Number One in Europe”: The Startling Emergence of the Deutsche Mark, 1968–1969

Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe: Deutsche Entwicklungsarbeit in Afrika 1960–1975

Paradoxes of Ostpolitik: Revisiting the Moscow and Warsaw Treaties, 1970

Die Rückkehr auf den Weltmarkt. Die Internationalisierung der Bayer AG Leverkusen nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg bis zum Jahre 1961. By Patrick Kleedehn. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. 2007. Beiträge zur Unternehmensgeschichte, Bd. 26. Pp. 385. Paper €50.00. ISBN 978-3-515-09029-2.