In vivo and in vitro antiviral activity of hyperoside extracted from Abelmoschus manihot (L) medik

/pdf/in-vivo-and-in-vitro-antiviral-activity-of-hyperoside-49n4o3tdip.pdf

Analysis of phenolic compounds in Chinese olive (Canarium album L.) fruit by RPHPLC–DAD–ESI–MS

Chinese medicated diet is an everyday practice in China. In this study, 16 commonly used soup making tonic Chinese medicinal herbs were selected for antioxidative capacities by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and the total phenolic contents of these herbal extracts were measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. It confirmed that drinking tonic soups could supplement total antioxidants intake. Amongst the tested herbal extracts, extracts of Canarium album Raeusch., Flos caryophylli and Fructus amomi were found to have the highest antioxidative activities in both DPPH and FRAP assays. Their antioxidative activities were comparable to ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene. Thus, these herbs are safe and inexpensive sources of natural antioxidants. A significant relationship between the antioxidative effects and total phenolic contents were found, indicating phenolic compounds are the major contributor of antioxidative capacities of these herbs. In addition, a strong correlation between DPPH assay and FRAP assay implied that antioxidants in these herbs were capable of scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidants.

Antioxidative activities and the total phenolic contents of tonic Chinese medicinal herbs.

The aim of this study was to examine the antioxidant activities of Physalis peruviana L. (Solanaceae) aqueous extract (PPWE) and its protective effect against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Using different models of antioxidant assay, namely ferric thiocyanate, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and reducing power, PPWE showed a dose-dependent increase in antioxidant activities, with total antioxidant activity (IC50: 0.81 µg/ml) close to that of vitamin C (IC50 :0 .89µg/ml). APAP at 850 mg/kg significantly increased the levels of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (sGPT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (sGOT) and alkaline phosphatase (sALP). However, pre-treatment with PPWE at doses150, 300, and 600 mg/kg body weight significantly prevented the increase in these enzymes, which are the major indicators of liver hepatitis. Biochemical assays of liver homogenate showed that PPWE at 150∼600 mg/kg significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) concentrations, and diminished the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Furthermore, liver histological observation also showed an obvious amelioration in the liver cell necrosis, liver lesion, and fatty changes in PP-treated groups. High performance liquid chromatographic analysis showed that ellagic acid (ca. 0.2%) but not others could be the major component contributing to the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of PPWE. The present study concludes that PPWE possesses antioxidant activity and potent hepatoprotective effect against APAP-induced liver injury in rats.

/pdf/antioxidative-and-hepatoprotective-effects-of-physalis-3ek3del221.pdf

Antioxidative and Hepatoprotective Effects of Physalis peruviana Extract against Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury in Rats

Antihyperglycemic potential of hyperin at 25 and 50 mg/kg doses for 30 days to streptozotocin induced diabetic rats has been reported. In oral glucose tolerance test, hyperin treated rats showed a significant reduction in blood glucose level after 120 min. It was found that hyperin exhibited dose dependent and significant antihyperglycemic activity in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats which were nearly similar with standard drug glybenclamide. Activities of glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, glycogen phosphorylase, glycosylated haemoglobin and level of serum urea and creatinine were significantly decreased in hyperin supplemented diabetic rats, dose dependently. Activities of hexokinase and glycogen synthase were increased with augmentation in liver glycogen, insulin and haemoglobin content in hyperin treated diabetic rats. General hematological parameters did not show any significant change in hyperin treated diabetic rats hence it is safe at these doses. Histopathological studies showed significant morphological changes in pancreatic beta-cells of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. A decreased number of secretory granules of beta-cells were observed in diabetic rats and these pathological abnormalities were normalized after treatment with hyperin and standard drug glybenclamide. Further, hyperin decreases significant in serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein levels coupled with elevation of high density lipoprotein in diabetic rats. These results suggest that hyperin has a pivotal role in blood glucose level in streptozotocin induced hyperglycemia by improving the function of pancreatic islets and increasing glycolysis and decreasing gluconeogenesis.

http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/15273/1/IJEB%2051%281%29%2065-72.pdf

Pharmacological evaluation of hyperin for antihyperglycemic activity and effect on lipid profile in diabetic rats.

Successive purification of the extract from Canarium album and Euphorbia nematocypha, guided by antihepatotoxic activity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes, led to the isolation of brevifolin (1), hyperin (2), ellagic acid (3) and 3,3'-di-O-methylellagic acid (4) as hepatoprotective compounds. Compounds 1,3 and 4 also reduced carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in mice. The hepatoprotective activities of 1, 2, 3 and 4 in vitro and in vivo are apparently due to their antioxidative effects, which were exhibited by further studies using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation systems.

/pdf/hepatoprotective-compounds-from-canarium-album-and-euphorbia-3uqhcl5wa3.pdf

Ya-Lun Su

Papers

Hepatoprotective compounds from Canarium album and Euphorbia nematocypha.