The main pathology that make up the epidemiological profile of oral health status is dental caries. This pathology is considered a challenge because its high prevalence, besides being a chronic but preventable disease, which can be caused by a series of different demographic, dietary and laboratory data, among others. Therefore, in this research two multivariate models were proposed for the classification between control patients (‘0’), presence of caries (‘1’) and presence of restorations (‘2’). Analyzing 189 demographic and dietary features from NHANES 2013–2014, by FBS method based on the P-value they were reduced to 24 features, which were separated in two sets according to their demographic or dietary information. Both datasets were subjected to a statistical analysis based on linear regression, obtaining their residuals, AUC, ROC and OR values, in order to validate their classification accuracy. For each model were obtained significant statistical results and none of them presented problems related to outliers, according to their residuals. Both models shown P-values > 0.05 for most features and small OR confidence intervals. Finally, demographic data model obtained an AUC = 0.664 and dietary data model obtained an AUC = 0.633, averaging the AUC values for each outcome, proving to be statistically significant. By these results it's concluded that these specific demographic and dietary features are significant determinants for estimating the oral health status patients, based on their likelihood of developing caries.

Multivariate features selection from demographic and dietary descriptors as caries risk determinants in oral health diagnosis: Data from NHANES 2013–2014

Las enfermedades bucodentales en ninos constituyen un importante problema de salud publica. Esta investigacion de tipo descriptiva y diseno documental, transeccional contemporaneo y multieventual; busca describir la prevalencia de caries dental en escolares atendidos bajo el programa de pasantias de la Universidad de Los Andes, Venezuela, durante el 2015. Se utilizan datos secundarios, extraidos de los informes de pasantias realizados por los estudiantes de la IX Cohorte de la carrera de Odontologia. La tecnica de recoleccion de datos fue una revision documental y se utilizo como instrumento una matriz de registro. Formaron parte del estudio 24 informes de pasantias, a partir de los cuales, la poblacion total de escolares examinados fue de 1405 ninos entre 3-13 anos, con denticion temporaria y mixta. Fueron aplicados los indices CPOD y ceod, siguiendo la metodologia de la OMS. Se encontro un CPOD=1.32 y ceod=2.51, que corresponden a un nivel de severidad bajo. El CPOD/ceod para cada grupo etario fue de: -/2,42 (3-5 anos), 1,09/2,60 (6-7 anos), 1,18/- (8-11 anos) y 1,68/- (12-13 anos). En el CPOD y ceod el componente cariados fue el que contribuyo en mayor proporcion al indice total. Asimismo, el CPOD aumentaba proporcionalmente en relacion con la edad de los escolares. Sin embargo, los ninos examinados de 12 a 13 anos fueron muy pocos en proporcion con los de menores edades, puede pensarse que el CPOD debe ser mucho mayor en este grupo etario que los resultados aqui reportados. Una limitante fue que no pudieron abarcarse todos los estados del pais, se recomienda a futuro establecer una red formada por los programas de pasantias de todas las Facultades de Odontologia de las universidades nacionales, lo que permitiria realizar un estudio epidemiologico a nivel nacional y unificar criterios.

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Prevalencia de caries en escolares atendidos bajo el programa de pasantías de la FOULA, Venezuela

Siendo la salud bucodental considerada parte de la Calidad de Vida,  fundamental en el desarrollo de las personas, surge la necesidad de analizar las diferente alternativas para contribuir en esta, especialmente en los ninos, como poblacion vulnerable, donde la ortodoncia durante la infancia juega un papel fundamental, considerando esta busca prevenir y corregir problemas como la mordida defectuosa, desalineacion de los dientes, entre otros, con claros beneficios esteticos, anatomicos y funcionales, los cuales, implementados durante la infancia, presentan beneficios adicionales, para lo cual se requiere el pleno conocimiento del profesional (odontologo) de todas las etapas del crecimiento oseo y dentario, ademas de todos los factores asociados a la seleccion, implementacion de las diversas tecnicas terapeuticas disponibles, siendo estas las principales conclusiones de la presente investigacion, a lo cual se anade el necesario aumento de la implementacion de la ortodoncia en el sistema publico de salud, a los efecto de poder beneficiar a toda la poblacion, todo esto por medio una investigacion documental-descriptivo, con tecnicas e instrumentos de sistematizacion para organizar y presenta la informacion y los resultados

Principales beneficios de un tratamiento de ortodoncia en niños

AIM: To determine the prevalence of periodontal disease in 12 year old scholars from Machangara Parish, Cuenca 2016. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was an observational descriptive epidemiological study of oral clinical evaluation in 192 students aged 12 years, 95 (49%) were female and 97 (51%) were male. Patients with permanent dentition were included and patients with systemic diseases and oral malformations were excluded, Russell’s periodontal index was used, the parents signed an informed consent, and the students gave their approvement for the examination. A specialist in the area of periodontics at the Dentistry School of Catholic University of Cuenca calibrated the observers (Kappa>80%). Each oral examination was performed with natural light and dental mirror, before the recess of classes.Results: The prevalence of Periodontal disease was 74% (143 patients) of the total number of students; 38% (72 patients) of the females and 37% (71 patients) of the males, in terms of the degree of periodontal destruction, only 2 (1%) patients presented Destructive Periodontal Disease Establishment, 22 (11%) Onset of Destructive Periodontal Disease, 72 (38%) patients had Simple Gingivitis. Frequently affected teeth were the lateral incisors CONCLUSION: It was determined in this epidemiological survey that there is a high prevalence of periodontal disease in 12 year old scholars.

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Prevalencia de enfermedad periodontal en escolares de 12 años en la parroquia machángara, cuenca 2016

Objective: Relate dental caries and the impact it generates on daily performances in 6-year-old schoolchildren from the Cañaribamba parish of Cuenca, province of Azuay, in the year 2016. Materials and Methods: A retrospective and quantitative study In 96 schoolchildren, through the collection of data in the EPI program (Index ceod, Child-OIDP), in which the data of the epidemiological records of the Catholic University of Cuenca database were recorded. Results: The general total of decayed, extracted and obturated teeth was determined using the ceod index, resulting in a total of 54% in the male gender, while in the female gender the total was 46%, representing a general average of ceod 5.47 (high severity level). On the other hand, 67% of the total sample had an impact on their daily performance due to the presence of caries, and 33% had no impact despite the presence of caries; the performance with the greatest impact was "eating food" with 16% in men and "contacting other people" with 15% in women. Conclusions: When analyzing the ceod index and the impact on daily performance according to sex, a higher percentage was obtained in the male group; emphasizing that the total of the study sample is not quantitatively equivalent between both genders; having a ratio of 1.5: 1.

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Impacto en los desempeños diarios originados por caries dental en escolares de 6 años en la parroquia cañaribamba - cuenca, 2016.

Los estudios epidemiologicos a nivel municipal cobran una especial importancia por la utilidad que estos tienen en el desarrollo de proyectos comunitarios dirigidos a la educacion y promocion de la salud general y del componente bucal.  En este sentido, esta investigacion se planteo como objetivo general establecer el perfil epidemiologico de salud bucal para la poblacion escolarizada del municipio Campo Elias del Estado Merida, a partir del diagnostico de las condiciones de salud-enfermedad bucal utilizando la encuesta Pathfinder de la OMS. Se realizo una investigacion descriptiva, con un diseno transeccional contemporaneo. Se examinaron 627 escolares, organizados en tres grupos etarios: 5-7 anos, 12 anos y 15 anos; de los cuales 319 escolares (50,87%) eran del genero masculino y 308 (49,12%) del genero femenino. Asimismo, 39,4% pertenecia al emplazamiento urbano, y 60,6% al rural. El cod en el grupo de 5-7 anos fue de 2.16 y el CPOD promedio de 1.55 en la totalidad de la poblacion escolar. En cuanto a la presencia de maloclusiones, se encontro predominio de maloclusion leve (52.53%), seguida de moderada (29.88%) en los grupos etarios de 12 y 15 anos. En relacion con el Indice Periodontal Comunitario, se encontro que la enfermedad periodontal aqueja al 69.27% de la poblacion escolarizada del Municipio Campo Elias. Asimismo, los resultados de este estudio evidencian que el mayor porcentaje (75%) de la poblacion estudiada no presenta fluorosis dental.

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Perfil epidemiológico en salud bucal de la población escolarizada del Municipio Campo Elías del Estado Mérida

Introduction: In recent years, the abandonment of orthodontic treatment has be-come common, but it is unknown why some of these patients refuse to remove the appliances from their mouths. After an exhaustive review in different research sources, it can be affirmed that up to this moment no study was found regarding the perception of the use of corrective orthodontics in young dropouts of the treatment but who still have the equipment fixed in the mouth. Objective: to de-scribe the perception of the use of corrective orthodontics in young dropouts of the treatment who still have fixed appliances in the mouth of MeridaVenezuela. Materials and Methods: It is a qualitative, descriptive, cross- sectional study. The interview technique was performed on a group of 4 informants carrying fixed orthodontics appliances to collect the data. For the analysis and results, the constant comparison method combined with the data triangulation was used. Results: It was found that the perception of the informants in relation to the use of the orthodontic treatment pursues aesthetic, embellishment and decoration aspects; Results: it was found that it has a social projection that generates the idea of high social status, being one of the motivations for conserving fixed appliances. Conclusion: These young people perceive the use of corrective orthodontics as a factor that helps them to have social success.

http://erevistas.saber.ula.ve/index.php/rvio/article/download/15630/21921926726

Percepción sobre el uso de ortodoncia correctiva en jóvenes desertores del tratamiento en Mérida, Venezuela

In the cacao industry changes in basic operations like treatment of the raw material have a great impact on reducing dead times, and final product quality. This study evaluated two draining and two drying pulp conditioning as possible alternatives to reduce the dead time associated with decreasing pulp moisture, conditions required to improve fermentation behavior, and final flavour profile. The results were compared with the control which corresponds to traditional fermentation. Physical, chemical, and sensory analyzes were recorded. A completely randomized experimental design was used with repeated measures over time. The results show that draining the beans for 5 h eliminated the storage step, reduced the total fermentation time from 9 to 7 days, and enhanced the fruity and nutty aromas and cocoa flavour, whereas the drying conditioning reduced flavour and aroma development. Finally, the draining conditioning reduces the dead time of the process and improves the fermentation time, and flavour and aroma of the final product. 

Reducing Dead Time and Improving Flavour Profile by Pulp Conditioning of Cacao Beans

Se determino el estado de la denticion y necesidades de tratamiento en ninos en edad escolar, de la Escuela Bolivariana “Juan Ruiz Fajardo”, del Estado Merida, Venezuela, realizando un estudio descriptivo transversal, en una poblacion de 445 ninos; con edades entre 5 y 14 anos Se aplico el Indice de estado de la denticion y necesidades de tratamiento segun metodologia descrita por la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud (OMS) Se analizaron los datos mediante el paquete estadistico SPSS version 150 El 77,63% del total de la poblacion estudiada presenta caries; la experiencia de caries dental en la denticion temporaria fue de 53,91% y en la denticion permanente de 51,45% En el estado de la denticion temporaria arrojo un ceo de 1,7 Y en la denticion permanente se determino un CPOD de 1,4 En cuanto a la necesidad de tratamiento se encontro que del total de la poblacion estudiada, en ambas denticiones requieren de tratamientos preventivos (70,04%) Considerando los indices CPOD y ceo se establecio que la prevalencia de caries dental en la denticion temporaria y permanente fue media, pero el estado real de la infeccion en la poblacion estudiada fue moderada destacandose la necesidad de atencion preventiva y la restauracion de la denticion afectada en esta comunidad

http://erevistas.saber.ula.ve/index.php/actabioclinica/article/download/4728/4497

Prevalencia y experiencia de caries en niños en edad escolar

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental malocclusion in preschool children from Kindergarten to the Bolivarian School “Juan Ruiz Fajardo" of Merida, Venezuela. We performed a cross-sectional study whose population consisted of 120 children between 3 and 6 years of age , of both genders. Clinical examination was performed with the child seated facing the examiner, using natural light and tongue depressors. The data obtained in the oral examination were recorded on Form Oral Health and degree of malocclusion was recorded according to the methodology described by the World Health Organization. It was observed that 54.9% of the study population had malocclusion which 47.1 % had moderate or severe malocclusion and 7.8 % slight malocclusion . It is concluded that due to a high percentage of dental malocclusion poblnacion has examined it is necessary to plan and execute preventive orthodontic treatment in order to achieve normal development of occlusion.

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Yajaira Romero

Papers

Perfil epidemiológico en salud bucal de la población escolarizada del Municipio Campo Elías del Estado Mérida

Percepción sobre el uso de ortodoncia correctiva en jóvenes desertores del tratamiento en Mérida, Venezuela

Reducing Dead Time and Improving Flavour Profile by Pulp Conditioning of Cacao Beans

Prevalencia y experiencia de caries en niños en edad escolar

Prevalencia de maloclusiones en niños del jardín de infancia de la Escuela Bolivariana “Juan Ruiz Fajardo”