This paper investigates the optimization on the energy efficiency for naturally scattering deployed cluster-based wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The energy efficiency depends on the number of clusters in WSNs where the cluster head (HD) transmitting sensing data received from each sensor in the cluster and dissipate large energy due to the long distance to the sink. Moreover, the nodes deployment would be Gaussian distributed in large area for naturally scattering senior nodes. Thus, in this paper we based on the numerical results in previous works and further simulated the optimization the number of cluster for a large area WSNs.

Mobile Internet Security

This paper of air quality monitoring system describes a model of sensors network to continuously monitoring the environment with low cost developed model. At present time all over the world turned into a great revolution in industrial domain and on the other hand environment get polluting in a dangerous value. There are so many technologies present to reduce the polluting contents but still there is no completely reduction of that pollution. Even there are different methods to monitor the pollution content; these are much costly that not everyone can adapt those methods or devices. Now we are proposing a sensors connected network to monitor the environment continuously and displaying the pollutant gases percentage in air surroundings and can transmit the results to our mobiles by message. The advantage of this system is easy to design, establish at area to monitor, maintenance and most cost effective as well.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/263/5/052020/pdf

Environment quality monitoring using ARM processor

In recent times, scores of innovations are taking place in the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology that includes continuous development of design of on-board processing, memory, storage, and communication capabilities. Since UAVs are now being used extensively in many areas of expertise that include commercial, military, civilian, agricultural, and environmental applications, it is very essential that these UAVs communicate efficiently. The communication may be of the UAV-to-UAV (U2U) type or it could be with the already existing prevalent networking infrastructures UAV-to-Infrastructure (U2I) type of communication. A new prototype is developed based on the insect flight dynamism. These insect wings are very thin membranous structure. They are subjected to many forces and follow aerodynamic flying and hovering. The current research trend on this subject is the simulation of insect wing structure and utilization to create a prototype for the development of unmanned micro air vehicles. In the present study, three flying insects such as dragon fly, cicada, and jewel beetle are selected and the wing aerodynamic parameters are analyzed by mathematical models. The comparative scanning of the data revealed that cicada wing structure is their aerodynamic characteristics may serve as a prototype. The results are discussed with relation to the base data for the flapping-wing system in micro air vehicle. In this paper, we have tried to put forward an approach that is capable of providing real-time positioning and tracking of a UAV. The approach has three parts: tracking device, backend server, and mobile app.

A Precise Model of Insect Flight Vitality and Development of Unmanned Micro Aerial Vehicle

The goal of this paper is to implement SPEEX speech compression technology on ARM processor. SPEEX is a speech compression technology based on the Code Excited Linear Prediction (CELP) algorithm. It has a low bit rate, high resolution, and supports a variety of signal sampling rates, so the voice can effectively compression and also preserve speech integrity. For hardware part, we abandon high cost, high power digital signal processors (DSPs), but we select the ARM processor of STM32 series produced by STMicroelectronics. SPEEX voice compression technology will be transplanted to the STM32 processor, and SPEEX encoded data transmitted through the transmitter to the receiver; and finally through the decoding side the encoded data is restored to playback. The experiment is divided into two parts. First through the SPEEX encoded sine wave signal, we input data to the ARM decoder, and use the oscilloscope to compare the difference after encoding and decoding signals. The other is through the PESQ for voice quality verification, and is compared with the traditional ADPCM voice quality.

Design and Implementation of SPEEX Speech Technology on ARM Processor

The objective of this paper is to implement SPEEX decoding on ARM microprocessor. SPEEX [1] is based on the voice compression algorithm technology of Code Excited Linear Prediction (CELP) [2], which can effectively compress voice and retain the integrity of speech. For hardware part, we give up the high-cost, high-power consumption digital signal processor, and select the STM32 series ARM microprocessor produced by STMicroelectronics. Through coding at PC end, Bluetooth wireless transmission to the ARM processor, and SPEEX decoding, the voice is then played back. Finally, voice quality verification is carried out through Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ).

Yen-Hao Shih

Papers

Design and implement SPEEX decoder on ARM processor

Design and Implementation of SPEEX Speech Technology on ARM Processor