Hyaluronic acid - Based wound dressings: A review

Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction. focus on the type 2 myocardial infarction

Gelatin is a promising material as scaffold with therapeutic and regenerative characteristics due to its chemical similarities to the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the native tissues, biocompatibility, biodegradability, low antigenicity, cost-effectiveness, abundance, and accessible functional groups that allow facile chemical modifications with other biomaterials or biomolecules. Despite the advantages of gelatin, poor mechanical properties, sensitivity to enzymatic degradation, high viscosity, and reduced solubility in concentrated aqueous media have limited its applications and encouraged the development of gelatin-based composite hydrogels. The drawbacks of gelatin may be surmounted by synergistically combining it with a wide range of polysaccharides. The addition of polysaccharides to gelatin is advantageous in mimicking the ECM, which largely contains proteoglycans or glycoproteins. Moreover, gelatin-polysaccharide biomaterials benefit from mechanical resilience, high stability, low thermal expansion, improved hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, and wound healing potential. Here, we discuss how combining gelatin and polysaccharides provides a promising approach for developing superior therapeutic biomaterials. We review gelatin-polysaccharides scaffolds and their applications in cell culture and tissue engineering, providing an outlook for the future of this family of biomaterials as advanced natural therapeutics.

Gelatin-polysaccharide composite scaffolds for 3D cell culture and tissue engineering: Towards natural therapeutics.

The timely resolution of wound healing is critical for restoring the skin as a protective barrier. The switch from a proinflammatory to a reparative microenvironment must be tightly regulated. Interleukin (IL)-6 is a key modulator of the inflammatory and reparative process: it is involved in the differentiation, activation, and proliferation of leukocytes, endothelial cells, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts. This review examines the role of IL-6 in the healing of cutaneous wounds, and how dysregulation of IL-6 signaling can lead to either fibrosis or a failure to heal. The role of an IL-6/TGF-β feedback loop is discussed in the context of fibrogenesis, while IL-6 expression and responses in advanced age, diabetes, and obesity is outlined regarding the development of chronic wounds. Current research on therapies that modulate IL-6 is explored. Here, we consider IL-6's diverse impact on cutaneous wound healing.

https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/8/5/101/pdf

The Role of IL-6 in Skin Fibrosis and Cutaneous Wound Healing.

Injectable scaffolds are of great interests for skin regeneration because they can fill irregularly shaped defects through minimally invasive surgical treatments. In this study, an injectable hydrogel from biopolymers is developed and its application as wound dressings is examined. Gelatin-based hydrogels were successfully prepared at body temperature upon blending with low content of gellan, and the synergetic effect on the gel formation was carefully characterized through rheological methods. The electrostatic complexation between gelatin and gellan was confirmed to contribute a continuous hydrogel network. The obtained blend hydrogel demonstrates remarkable shear-thinning and self-recovering properties. For antibacterial purpose, tannic acid was incorporated into the blend hydrogel. In addition, tannic acid-loaded blend hydrogel was verified to accelerate the wound healing on the mice model, significantly than the control groups. Thus, this paper presents a facile approach without chemical modification...

Gelatin-Based Hydrogels Blended with Gellan as an Injectable Wound Dressing

Since online publication of this article, the authors noticed that an incorrect image was used during the compilation of Fig. 2a, which was caused during manuscript preparation. The correct Fig. 2a is shown below.

/pdf/exosomal-mir-25-3p-from-mesenchymal-stem-cells-alleviates-4lcqib8ojl.pdf

Exosomal miR-25-3p from mesenchymal stem cells alleviates myocardial infarction by targeting pro-apoptotic proteins and EZH2.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulators are involved in the progression of various cancers via regulating m6A modification. However, the potential role and mechanism of the m6A modification in osteosarcoma remains obscure. In this study, WTAP was found to be highly expressed in osteosarcoma tissue and it was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in osteosarcoma. Functionally, WTAP, as an oncogene, was involved in the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma in vitro and vivo. Mechanistically, M6A dot blot, RNA-seq and MeRIP-seq, MeRIP-qRT-PCR and luciferase reporter assays showed that HMBOX1 was identified as the target gene of WTAP, which regulated HMBOX1 stability depending on m6A modification at the 3′UTR of HMBOX1 mRNA. In addition, HMBOX1 expression was downregulated in osteosarcoma and was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in osteosarcoma patients. Silenced HMBOX1 evidently attenuated shWTAP-mediated suppression on osteosarcoma growth and metastasis in vivo and vitro. Finally, WTAP/HMBOX1 regulated osteosarcoma growth and metastasis via PI3K/AKT pathway. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the critical role of the WTAP-mediated m6A modification in the progression of osteosarcoma, which could provide novel insights into osteosarcoma treatment.

/pdf/wtap-promotes-osteosarcoma-tumorigenesis-by-repressing-4elg0rev05.pdf

WTAP promotes osteosarcoma tumorigenesis by repressing HMBOX1 expression in an m6A-dependent manner

Excellent wound dressings maintain a warm and moist environment, thus accelerating wound healing. In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) car...

Evaluation of gelatin-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels for accelerating wound healing.

KGF-1 accelerates wound contraction through the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in a double-paracrine manner.

Vertebroplasty is a common and effective treatment for symptomatic osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. However, the cemented and adjacent vertebras have a risk of recollapse due to largely unassured mechanisms, among which excessive stiffness of bone cement may be an important risk factor. This study aimed to find the most appropriate range of bone cement stiffness by analyzing its biomechanical effects on the augmented and adjacent vertebras of individual patient after vertebroplasty. A three-dimensional finite element model of T11-L1 osteoligamentous vertebras was reconstructed according to individual computed tomography data and validated by post mortem human subject experiment in literatures. Bone cement of varying stiffness was injected into the trabecular core of the T12 vertebra simulatively. The maximum von Mises stresses on cancellous and cortical bones of T11-L1 vertebras were analyzed under the loading conditions of flexion, extension, bending, and torsion. For the adjacent T11 and L1 vertebras, the stepwise elevation of the bone cement elastic modulus increased the maximum von Mises stress on the cancellous bone, but its effect on cortical bone was negligible. For the augmented T12 vertebra, the stresses on cancellous bone increased slightly under the loading condition of lateral bending and remained no impact on cortical bone. The linear interpolation revealed that the most suitable range of cement elastic modulus is 833.1 and 1408.1 Mpa for this patient. Increased elastic modulus of bone cement may lead to a growing risk of recollapse for the cemented vertebra as well as the adjacent vertebras. Our study provides a fresh perspective in clinical optimization of individual therapy in vertebroplasty.

Optimizing bone cement stiffness for vertebroplasty through biomechanical effects analysis based on patient-specific three-dimensional finite element modeling

Yi Peng

Papers

Exosomal miR-25-3p from mesenchymal stem cells alleviates myocardial infarction by targeting pro-apoptotic proteins and EZH2.

WTAP promotes osteosarcoma tumorigenesis by repressing HMBOX1 expression in an m6A-dependent manner

Evaluation of gelatin-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels for accelerating wound healing.

KGF-1 accelerates wound contraction through the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in a double-paracrine manner.

Optimizing bone cement stiffness for vertebroplasty through biomechanical effects analysis based on patient-specific three-dimensional finite element modeling