There has been tremendous interest in the development of different innovative wear-resistant materials, which can help to reduce energy losses resulted from friction and wear by ≈40% over the next 10-15 years. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent progress on designs, properties, and applications of wear-resistant materials, starting with an introduction of various advanced technologies for the fabrication of wear-resistant materials and anti-wear structures with their wear mechanisms. Typical strategies of surface engineering and matrix strengthening for the development of wear-resistant materials are then analyzed, focusing on the development of coatings, surface texturing, surface hardening, architecture, and the exploration of matrix compositions, microstructures, and reinforcements. Afterward, the relationship between the wear resistance of a material and its intrinsic properties including hardness, stiffness, strength, and cyclic plasticity is discussed with underlying mechanisms, such as the lattice distortion effect, bonding strength effect, grain size effect, precipitation effect, grain boundary effect, dislocation or twinning effect. A wide range of fundamental applications, specifically in aerospace components, automobile parts, wind turbines, micro-/nano-electromechanical systems, atomic force microscopes, and biomedical devices are highlighted. This review is concluded with prospects on challenges and future directions in this critical field.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/advs.202003739

Recent Progress on Wear-Resistant Materials: Designs, Properties, and Applications.

The effect of prior cold rolling on the carbide dissolution, precipitation and dry wear behaviors of M50 bearing steel

Abrasive wear maps for High Velocity Oxy Fuel (HVOF) sprayed WC-12Co and Cr3C2−25NiCr coatings

Wear is the inevitable damage process of surfaces during sliding contact. According to the well-known Archard's wear law, the wear volume scales with the real contact area and as a result is proportional to the load. Decades of wear experiments, however, show that this relation only holds up to a certain load limit, above which the linearity is broken and a transition from mild to severe wear occurs. We investigate the microscopic origins of this breakdown and the corresponding wear transition at the asperity level. Our atomistic simulations reveal that the interaction between subsurface stress fields of neighboring contact spots promotes the transition from mild to severe wear. The results show that this interaction triggers the deep propagation of subsurface cracks and the eventual formation of large debris particles, with a size corresponding to the apparent contact area of neighboring contact spots. This observation explains the breakdown of the linear relation between the wear volume and the normal load in the severe wear regime. This new understanding highlights the critical importance of studying contact beyond the elastic limit and single-asperity models.

/pdf/asperity-level-origins-of-transition-from-mild-to-severe-4bwmv07bbg.pdf

Yixiang Sun

Papers

Mild-to-severe wear transition and transition region of oxidative wear in steels

Tribological and conductive behavior of Cu/Cu rolling current-carrying pairs in a water environment

Effect of relative humidity on the tribological/conductive properties of Cu/Cu rolling contact pairs

Oxidation on the current-carrying rolling surface and its subsequent impact on the damage of Cu contact pairs in O2/N2 mixture

Effect of Rotation Speed on the Tribological and Conductive Behaviors of Rolling Current-Carrying Cu Pairs