Supercapacitors have drawn considerable attention in recent years due to their high specific power, long cycle life, and ability to bridge the power/energy gap between conventional capacitors and batteries/fuel cells. Nanostructured electrode materials have demonstrated superior electrochemical properties in producing high-performance supercapacitors. In this review article, we describe the recent progress and advances in designing nanostructured supercapacitor electrode materials based on various dimensions ranging from zero to three. We highlight the effect of nanostructures on the properties of supercapacitors including specific capacitance, rate capability and cycle stability, which may serve as a guideline for the next generation of supercapacitor electrode design.

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Supercapacitor electrode materials: nanostructures from 0 to 3 dimensions

One-pot synthesis of nitrogen-doped ordered mesoporous carbon spheres for high-rate and long-cycle life supercapacitors

Heteroatom Doping: An Effective Way to Boost Sodium Ion Storage

Transition metal oxides (TMOs) based on conversion reactions are attractive candidate anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of their high theoretical capacity and safety characteristics. In this review, we have summarized recent progress in the rational design and efficient synthesis of TMOs with controllable morphologies, compositions, and micro-/nanostructures, along with their Li storage behaviors. Single metal oxides of manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), ruthenium (Ru), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and tungsten (W) and their common binary metal oxides have been discussed in this review. Finally, the less well-known merits of conversion reactions are put forward, and the design of metal oxide electrodes making full use of these merits has been proposed.

Recent progress in conversion reaction metal oxide anodes for Li-ion batteries

Increasing charge storage capability during fast charging (at ultrahigh current densities) has been a long-standing challenge for supercapacitors. In this work, a novel porous carbon foam electrode with multiscale pore network is reported that achieves a remarkable gravimetric capacitance of 374.7 ± 7.7 F g–1 at a current density of 1 A g–1. More importantly, it retains 235.9 ± 7.5 F g–1 (60% of its capacitance at 1 A g–1) at an ultrahigh current density of 500 A g–1. Electron microscopy studies reveal that this carbon structure contains multiscale pores assembled in a hierarchical pattern. The outstanding capacitive performance benefits from its extremely large surface area of 2905 m2 g–1, as around 88% of the electric charges are stored via electrical double layer. Significantly, electrochemical analyses show that the hierarchical porous structure containing macro-, meso-, and micropores allows efficient ion diffusion and charge transfer, resulting in the excellent rate capability. The findings pave the...

Youwei Zhang

Papers

Hollow porous carbon spheres with hierarchical nanoarchitecture for application of the high performance supercapacitors

Boron-doped ordered mesoporous carbons for the application of supercapacitors

Design and synthesis of three-dimensional hierarchical ordered porous carbons for supercapacitors

Supercapacitive performance of hierarchical porous carbon microspheres prepared by simple one-pot method

Synthesis of Si nanosheets by using Sodium Chloride as template for high-performance lithium-ion battery anode material