A toner suitable for use in an image forming method including a contact charging step is provided. The toner includes: toner particles comprising at least a binder resin and a colorant, and fine particles. The fine particles comprise: (i) a tungsten-containing tin oxide, or (ii) base particles, and a tungsten-containing tin compound coating the base particles, the fine particles contain tin (Sn) in a weight ratio (Sn/b) of 0.01 to 2.0 with respect to the base particles (B). In the fine particles, tungsten (W) is contained in a mol ratio (W/Sn) of 0.001 to 0.3 with respect to the tin (Sn).

Toner and image forming method

A valve housing has a communication passage communicating a suction port of the compressor with a crank chamber of the compressor. A valve element opens and closes the communication passage, and a spring member resiliently biases the valve element toward the closed position. A pressure actuated unit moves the valve element toward the open position by a suction pressure of the compressor. The spring member includes a spring made of a temperature responsive material. The spring decreases in its resilient force in an opening direction of the valve element with increase of an outer-air temperature. The spring member has a primary spring made of an ordinary resilient material for resiliently biasing the valve element toward the closed position and a correction spring made of a material having a temperature positive characteristic. The correction spring provides a correction spring force smaller than a primary force of the primary spring in the opposite direction to the primary force. The combined spring force of the primary spring and the correction spring acting on the valve element.

Control valve for variable displacement compressor

Between a movable core chamber and a fuel supply passage, a needle guide slidably supports a needle fixed to a movable core. The needle guide has a communication hole which fluidly connects the movable core chamber and the fuel supply passage. An opening sectional area of the communication hole is defined in such a manner that a fuel discharged amount decreases as an energization start time of a coil is delayed. In a suction stroke, it is restricted that the movable core and the needle bounce toward the fixed core after the needle biases a suction valve toward a stopper by means of a biasing force of a second spring. A relationship between the energization start time of the coil and the fuel discharged amount is properly maintained, so that the fuel discharged amount of the high-pressure pump can be controlled correctly.

High pressure pump

The invention relates to a fuel-injection valve, in particular a high-pressure injection valve for directly injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of a compressed-mixture, spark-ignition internal combustion engine. Said valve is characterised in that an outlet opening (23) is provided downstream of the valve seat (20), the downstream end of said opening having a slit-forming element (30) that to a great extent closes the outlet opening (23). A slit-type flow outlet (35), through which a fuel spray can be discharged in a fan-type jet, is formed between the slit-forming element (30) and a front face (34) of the valve seat body (16).

Fuel-injection valve

A magnetic bearing device includes a pair of electromagnets holding a rotary body at opposite sides thereof in the direction of each of control axes, a detector for detecting the position of the rotary body, and an electromagnet controller having an integral operation unit for controlling the electromagnets based on the result of detection of the position. The electromagnet controller sets as a target levitated position of the rotary body the position of the rotary body corresponding to the median of an integral output of the integral operation unit when the rotary body is magnetically levitated in the vicinity of one of limit positions in the direction of the control axis determined by protective bearings and an integral output of the unit when the rotary body is magnetically levitated in the vicinity of the other limit position.

Magnetic bearing device

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide polymerized toners which are little in the amount of color ing agents on particle surfaces and do not give rise to a change in image densi ty, fogging and a change in color tones occurring in the change in electrostatic chargeability and developability even when the toners are subjected to image formation for a long period under the high-humidity environment. SOLUTION: The toners consist of the toner particles obtained by forming resin layers (shells) fused with resin particles by a salting-out/fusing method on the surfaces of colored particles (core particles) containing a resin and coloring agents.

Toner and method of manufacturing the same as well as image forming method

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrostatic charge image developing toner which shows good uniformity in the halftone, which prevents dusts from being scattered from minute dots, which has excellent offset resistance, proper standard gloss, high transparency in an image for an OHP, and no filming on a photoreceptor or a developing roll, and to provide a method for forming an image by using the toner. SOLUTION: When the electrostatic charge developing toner containing a binder resin, a coloring agent and a fixation improving agent is observed to obtain photographs of the cross-sectional images by using a transmission type electron microscope, the toner particles have a sea-island structure and toner particles in which islands made of the fixation improving agent are not distinguished from the binder resin are included by >=65% in number of the whole toner particles. The toner has an endothermic peak at 60 deg.C to 110 deg.C by differential calorimetry and 4 to 30 J/g endothermic quantity.

Electrostatic charge image developing toner and method for forming image

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact, centrifugal type pump apparatus smoothly activating an impeller to rotate. SOLUTION: The centrifugal type blood pump apparatus is equipped with the impeller 10 provided in a blood chamber 7, a permanent magnet 15 provided on one surface of the impeller 10, a permanent magnet 16 provided on the inner wall of the blood chamber 7, a permanent magnet 17 provided on the other surface of the impeller 10, a magnetic body 18 and a coil 20 provided in a motor chamber 8 for driving the impeller 10 to rotate through a partition wall 6, and a comparison operation part 31 for obtaining a position of the impeller 10 from information indicating a coil voltage, a coil current, and the number of revolutions of the impeller 10. Dynamic pressure grooves 21, 22 are respectively formed on the partition wall 6 facing the impeller 10 and the inner wall of the blood chamber 7. Consequently, the impeller 10 is smoothly activated to rotate by controlling the coil current. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Centrifugal type pump apparatus

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel pump having a sliding mechanism part inside a fuel chamber with excellent abrasion resistance under a hard environment, and to provide a cylinder injection engine using the same. SOLUTION: In this fuel pump for pressurizing fuel and feeding it to a fuel injection valve of an automobile engine, at least a one-side sliding surface of each sliding member such as a cam plate, a slipper and a plunger slid in lubricating oil and a plunger and a cylinder slid in the fuel brought in contact with each other and slid through the fuel is formed with a hardening layer formed of one of a nitride layer, a carburizing and quenching layer and carbonitriding layer, or formed with a hard metal compound layer having high corrosion resistance in relation to the hardening layer.

Fuel pump and cylinder injection engine

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image forming device which makes it possible to obtain cleaning performance stable for a long period in image formation using polymerized toners and to obtain good images free of image defects and makes recycling of the toners possible and an image forming method. SOLUTION: This image forming device has an image forming body, developing means for developing the latent image formed on the image forming body to a visible image by using the polymerized toners obtained by polymerization in an aqueous medium, transferring means and cleaning means for removing the residual toners on the image forming body, in which the cleaning means has a cleaning roller consisting of conductive or semiconductive elastic body, a cleaning blade, a power source for imparting a bias potential to the cleaning roller and a recovering member for recovering the toners removed by the cleaning roller.

裕之山田

Papers

Toner and method of manufacturing the same as well as image forming method

Electrostatic charge image developing toner and method for forming image

Centrifugal type pump apparatus

Fuel pump and cylinder injection engine

Image forming device and image forming method

裕之 山田

Papers

Toner and method of manufacturing the same as well as image forming method

Electrostatic charge image developing toner and method for forming image

Centrifugal type pump apparatus

Fuel pump and cylinder injection engine

Image forming device and image forming method

裕之山田