The proliferation of low-cost IEEE 802.15.4 ZigBee wireless devices in critical infrastructure applications presents security challenges. Network security commonly relies on bit-level credentials that are easily replicated and exploited by hackers. Unauthorized access can be mitigated by physical layer (PHY) security measures that exploit device-dependent emission characteristics that are sufficiently unique to discriminate devices. RF distinct native attribute (RF-DNA) fingerprinting is a PHY-based security measure, which computes statistical features extracted from such device emissions. However, the RF-DNA fingerprints can be numerous, correlated, and noisy, therefore, a dimensional reduction analysis (DRA) via feature selection is, therefore, of interest. Device classification with DRA feature subsets is evaluated using a multiple discriminant analysis (MDA) classifier. Determining feature relevance from MDA was generally dismissed in prior RF fingerprinting work and is seldom considered in other applications. Here, the MDA feature relevance is revisited using a proposed eigen-based MDA loadings fusion (MLF) methodology. The MDA classification models are adopted and used to assess device identification (ID) classification and verification performance for both the authorized and unauthorized (rogue) devices using a claimed versus actual biometric methodology. Performance is compared for six DRA methods using: 1) a two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test; 2) one-way analysis of variance F-test statistics; 3) a Wilk’s lambda ratio; 4) generalized relevance learning vector quantized-improved relevance; 5) randomly selected; and 6) the proposed MLF method. Quantitative and qualitative dimensionality assessment methods are compared and contrasted to establish upper bounds on the number of retained features. Experimentally collected ZigBee emissions are considered and ZigBee device classification and ID verification performance using DRA subsets are compared with a full-dimensional feature set. Results show that DRA via the proposed MLF method is superior and more robust than competing methods.

Feature Selection for RF Fingerprinting With Multiple Discriminant Analysis and Using ZigBee Device Emissions

There are disadvantages in the practical application with Three-layer architecture of IOT (Internet of Things). In order to emphasize the level of IOT intelligent application, this paper introduces the five layers system architecture which can better interpret the meaning and features of the IOT, and discusses the gateway technology which connecting the sensing network and traditional communication network. According to the actual demand of hotel chain industry for improving guests' living environment, the paper also discusses the design of IOT application scheme with using the IOT gateway as a bridge. The scheme may effectively meet the service requirements of hotel chain industry.

Study on the IOT Architecture and Gateway Technology

The proposed Fire alarm system is a real-time monitoring system that detects the presence of smoke in the air due to fire and captures images via a camera installed inside a room when a fire occurs. The embedded systems used to develop this fire alarm system are Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno. The key feature of the system is the ability to remotely send an alert when a fire is detected. When the presence of smoke is detected, the system will display an image of the room state in a web page. The system will need the user confirmation to report the event to the Firefighter using Short Message Service (SMS). The advantage of using this system is it will reduce the possibility of false alert reported to the Firefighter. The camera will only capture an image, so this system will consume a little storage and power. Keywords-component; Raspberry Pi; Arduino Uno; fire; alarm; webserver

Development of Fire alarm system using Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno

In this paper we design and implement a home surveillance system based on an embedded system with multiple ultrasonic sensor modules to enhance the system's reliability. Each ultrasonic sensor module includes a transmitter and a receiver, and the modules are placed in a line direction. Because the ultrasonic transmission will spread at a beam angle, we use multiple ultrasonic receivers to receive the ultrasonic transmission. If any intruder passes through the ultrasonic sensing area, the ultrasonic transmission will be blocked by the human body. As the receivers will not receive any transmission from the ultrasonic transmitter, the system will sense when someone is passing through the surveillance area. We use a Majority Voting Mechanism (MVM) for a group of sensors. If over half the sensors in a sensor group sense a signal blocking, the majority voting program starts the Web camera. The mathematical equation and the sensing experiment show that we improve the system's reliabilities.

Design and implementation of an embedded home surveillance system by use of multiple ultrasonic sensors

In this paper a voice controlled wireless smart home system has been presented for elderly and disabled people. The proposed system has two main components namely (a) voice recognition system, and (b) wireless system. LabView software has been used to implement the voice recognition system. On the other hand, ZigBee wireless modules have been used to implement the wireless system. The main goal of this system is to control home appliances by using voice commands. The proposed system can recognize the voice commands, convert them into the required data format, and send the data through the wireless transmitter. Based on the received data at the wireless receiver associated with the appliances desired switching operations are performed. The proposed system is a low cost and low power system because ZigBee is used. Additionally the proposed system needs to be trained of voice command only once. Then the system can recognize the voice commands independent of vocabulary size, noise, and speaker characteristics (i.e., accent).

Zigbee Based Voice Controlled Wireless Smart Home System

Nowadays, Wireless Monitoring for home security is among the cutting-edge researches in the field of International Intelligent Building. To implement real-time surveillance of the home security, the intelligent remote monitoring system was developed for home security based on ZigBee technology and GSM / GPRS network. The system can send abnormal images and warning messages through MMS and SMS, receive remote instruction, and remote monitor household appliances. Meanwhile, the introduction of a variety of sensors and the enhancement of systempsilas reliability guaranteed that the intelligent remote monitoring system can be responsible for home security.The hardware and software design and system performance are expounded in details. A number of surveillance devices in wireless network were connected. The experimental result shows that the system can attain remote surveillance of intelligent home safety with high availability and reliability.

Yun Zhou

Papers

Research of Intelligent Home Security Surveillance System Based on ZigBee