다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

The 11th edition of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine welcomes Anthony Fauci to its editorial staff, in addition to more than 85 new contributors. While the organization of the book is similar to previous editions, major emphasis has been placed on disorders that affect multiple organ systems. Important advances in genetics, immunology, and oncology are emphasized. Many chapters of the book have been rewritten and describe major advances in internal medicine. Subjects that received only a paragraph or two of attention in previous editions are now covered in entire chapters. Among the chapters that have been extensively revised are the chapters on infections in the compromised host, on skin rashes in infections, on many of the viral infections, including cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, on sexually transmitted diseases, on diabetes mellitus, on disorders of bone and mineral metabolism, and on lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. The major revisions in these chapters and many

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

비만아 부모의 돌봄 경험: q 방법론

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematic review.

https://www.commed.vcu.edu/Chronic_Disease/2012/cochranrvwrschbias.pdf

The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials

Introduction Immunosuppression for renal transplantation has shifted from azathioprine (AZA) regimens to those containing mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). This study investigated the impact of this change on the causes for rehospitalization as well as on graft and patient survival. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed long-term patient and graft survivals as well as the causes of posttransplant admissions for 893 kidney recipients. Data on survival and readmissions were available for 811 subjects, who were divided to into the AZA cohort ( n = 289, transplantation between 1998 and 1999) and the MMF cohort ( n = 567, transplantation between 2000 and 2001). Survival, the cause for readmission, time interval between transplantation and readmission, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mortality, and graft loss were compared between the two cohorts. Results Five-year patient and graft survival rates were 85% and 67% for the AZA cohort and 91% and 68% for the MMF cohort ( P = .013). There were 202 (71%) and 371 (72%) readmissions registered for the AZA and MMF groups, respectively. In comparison with the AZA cohort, while readmissions secondary to graft rejection showed a significant decrease in the MMF cohort (62% vs 35%, P = .000), readmissions secondary to infections exhibited a significant increase (37% vs 50%, P = .002). A marginally significant increased mortality rate (2% vs 5%, P = .087) and ICU admission rate (3% vs 6%, P = .062) were also observed in the MMF cohort by comparison with the AZA cohort. Conclusion The shift in the immunosuppression protocol from AZA to MMF, albeit advantageous in many instances, can sometimes undermine the outcome by giving rise to such complications as high infection rates.

Changing treatment protocol from azathioprine to mycophenolate mofetil: decrease in renal dysfunction, increase in infections.

Factors affecting the duration of mechanical ventilation device isolation of patients in intensive care units

Neuroprotection or prevention of neuronal loss is a complicated molecular process that is mediated by various cellular pathways. Use of different pharmacological agents as neuroprotectants has been reported especially in the last decades. These neuroprotective agents act through inhibition of inflammatory processes and apoptosis, attenuation of oxidative stress and reduction of free radicals. Control of this injurious molecular process is essential to the reduction of neuronal injuries and is associated with improved functional outcomes and recovery of the patients admitted to the intensive care unit. This study reviews neuroprotective agents and their mechanisms of action against central nervous system damages.

Neuroprotective Agents in the Intensive Care Unit: -Neuroprotective Agents in ICU.

Purpose: To review current knowledge about ocular effects of sulfur mustard (SM) and the associated histopathologic findings and clinical manifestations Methods: Literature review of medical articles (human and animal studies) was accomplished using PubMed, Scopus and ISI databases. A total of 274 relevant articles in English were retrieved and reviewed thoroughly. Results: Eyes are the most sensitive organs to local toxic effects of mustard gas. Ocular injuries are mediated through different toxic mechanisms including: biochemical damages, biomolecular and gene expression modification, induction of immunologic and inflammatory reactions, disturbing ultrastructural architecture of the cornea, and long-lasting corneal denervation. The resulting ocular injuries can roughly be categorized into acute or chronic complications. Most of the patients recover from acute injuries, but a minority of victims will suffer from chronic ocular complications. Mustard gas keratopathy (MGK) is a devastating late complication of SM intoxication that proceeds from limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). Conclusion: SM induces several different damaging changes in case of ocular exposure; hence leading to a broad spectrum of ocular manifestations in terms of severity, timing and form. Unfortunately, no effective strategy has been introduced yet to inhibit or restore these damaging changes.

Ocular Effects of Sulfur Mustard

A new potentiometric sensor for the rapid determination of Hg2+ based on modified carbon paste electrode consisting of room temperature ionic liquid, 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIM-PF6), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), alumina nanoparticles and a synthetic macrocyclic diamide ‘7,10,13-triaza-1-thia-4,16-dioxa-6,14-dioxo-2,3;17,18-dinaphtho-cyclooctadecane’ as an efficient ionophore was constructed. Prepared composite is an ideal paste because it has low drift of potential, high selectivity and fast response time (10 s), which leads to a more stable potential signal. The morphology and properties of electrodes surface were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A linear dynamic range of 2.01–2.01 × 107 µg L−1 with detection limit of 1.40 µg L−1 Hg2+ was obtained at pH range of 2.5 to 4.5. The prepared modified electrode shows several advantages such as simple preparation method, high stability of the composite paste, hi...

Yunes Panahi

Papers

Changing treatment protocol from azathioprine to mycophenolate mofetil: decrease in renal dysfunction, increase in infections.

Factors affecting the duration of mechanical ventilation device isolation of patients in intensive care units

Neuroprotective Agents in the Intensive Care Unit: -Neuroprotective Agents in ICU.

Ocular Effects of Sulfur Mustard

A new potentiometric sensor based on a high-performance composite for nanomolar determination of mercury (II) in environmental samples