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A Moderated Mediation Model: Mediating Mechanism of Workplace Incivility and Moderating Role of Islamic Work Ethics between Dark Triad and Organizational Citizenship Behavior

The organization's ethical climate increases productivity at the individual the organizational level; further, it reduces the harmful characteristics and negative intensity of individuals' inflated self-esteem. Integration of the theory of threatened egotism and ethical climate theory, this study's objective was to examine the mediating mechanism of workplace incivility between dark triad (Narcissism, Psychopathy and Machiavellianism) and counterproductive work behaviors with the sample from public sector (judiciary) institution. Additionally, in the present study, we also test the moderating effect of Islamic work values between the mediating relationship of workplace incivility and counterproductive work behaviors. Close-ended questionnaires were used to collect data from a sample size of 268 participants (permanent employees of the judiciary) of a public sector organization who voluntarily participate in the process of data collection for this study. To test the study's proposed hypothesis, different statistical techniques, i.e., correlation, regression were applied to test the direct effects, and Hayes PROCESS-macro method was applied to test indirect effects (mediation), moderation, and moderated mediation. Findings of the study indicate that workplace incivility mediates the association of dark triad and counterproductive work behaviors. Furthermore, findings reveal that Islamic work values moderate the mediated relationship between workplace incivility and counterproductive work behaviors. We also tested the moderated mediation model, and findings indicate that Islamic work values weaken the positive intensity of dark triad and counterproductive work behaviors in the presence of workplace incivility. This study's findings further declare that a higher level of Islamic work values weaken the intensity of negative personality on counterproductive work behaviors and decrease the uncivil behaviors of individuals at the workplace. Policymakers and higher management of public sector institutions especially focus on the psychological health and organizational climate to reduce the workplace's harmful behaviors. Finally, this study theoretically enhances knowledge of personality psychology literature by explaining the negative consequences of negative personalities at the workplace. Overall, this study contributed to the theory of threatened egotism and ethical climate theory by integrating dark triad, workplace incivility, counterproductive work behaviors, and Islamic work values collaborations with exciting outcomes, specifically with the background of public sector institution of Asian developing country.

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Dark Triad, Counterproductive Work Behaviors, Workplace Incivility, and the Role of Islamic Work Values: A Moderated Mediation Model

This study examines the impact of psychopathic and narcissist personalities on employees' adverse outcomes. Additionally, this study investigates the intervening mechanism of workplace incivility among the relationship of psychopathic and narcissist personalities and adverse outcomes. Furthermore, the interactive impact of Islamic work values was also tested between the association of workplace incivility and adverse outcomes. Using the purposive sampling technique, data was collected through a survey method from 404 permanent employees of a public sector organization in two different time-lags. PROCESS-macro was used to test indirect, interactive, and moderated mediation effects. The findings of this study confirm the direct effect relationship between that psychopathic and narcissist personalities and employees’ adverse outcomes. Further, this study confirms that workplace incivility indirectly enhances the adverse outcomes of employees. Finally, the study findings revealed that a higher level of Islamic work values reduces the adverse outcomes of the employees having psychopathic and narcissist personality characteristics. We also tested moderated mediation model, which disclosed that a higher level of Islamic work values reduces the negativity level of psychopathic personalities that further decrease the level of counterproductive work behaviors via workplace incivility. However, there was no moderating role of Islamic work values to reduce narcissist personalities' negativity level and reduce counterproductive work behaviors via workplace incivility. The present study by providing information to the management of the public sector organizations on how they can overcome the negative behaviors and outcomes of their workforce through the implementation of the Islamic ethical system. This attempt contributed to ethical climate theory and threatened the egotism model by explaining that negative personality traits predict uncivil behaviors, which further lead to adverse outcomes. This study further contributes that the ethical climate of the organization helps the individuals to overcome the negativity of the personality and negative behaviors as well.

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Impact of Psychopathy and Narcissism on Employees’ Adverse Outcomes: A Perspective of Ethical Climate Theory and Threatened-Egotism Model

Counterproductive work behavior is still become a problem in government agencies in Indonesia, including in local government agencies. Counterproductive work behavior can be controlled and overcome by optimizing organizational factors, such as conditioning a work climate that supports ethics. This study aims to examine the effect of ethical climate toward counterproductive work behavior in local governments. The data was collected using the Ethical Climate Index and Counterproductive Work Behavior-Checklist. Multiple regression test on 534 employees in 15 Regional Apparatus Organizations of Pekanbaru City, show that ethical climate affects counterproductive work behavior. The results of Product Moment correlation analysis prove that there are relationships in the negative direction of each subscale of ethical climate (norms of empathic concern, norms of moral awareness, focus on others, collective moral motivation and collective moral character) with counterproductive work behavior, except the focus on self, which is positively correlated. Thus, counterproductive work behavior can be reduced by building an ethical work climate.Counterproductive work behavior masih menjadi  masalah dalam instansi pemerintah di Indonesia, termasuk instansi pemerintah daerah hingga saat ini. Counterproductive work behavior dapat dikendalikan dan diatasi dengan mengoptimalkan faktor organisasi, diantaranya mengkondisikan iklim kerja yang mendukung etik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh ethical climate terhadap counterproductive work behavior di pemerintah daerah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan ekala Ethical Climate Index dan Counterproductive work behaviour-Checklist. Berdasarkan uji regresi ganda terhadap 534 orang pegawai di 15 Organisasi Perangkat Daerah (OPD) Kota Pekanbaru diketahui bahwa ethical climate mempengaruhi counterproductive work behavior. Hasil analisis korelasi product moment menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh dengan arah negatif setiap subscale dari ethical climate (norms of empathic concern, norms of moral awareness, focus on others, collective moral motivation dan collective moral character) dengan counterproductive work behavior, kecuali subscale focus on self yang berpengaruh dengan arah positif. Dengan demikian, counterproductive work behavior dapat dikurangi dengan menciptakan iklim kerja yang beretika

https://doi.org/10.24036/rapun.v12i2.114449

Pengaruh ethical climate terhadap counterproductive work behavior dalam instansi pemerintahan daerah

This study examines the effect of Islamic Work Ethic (IWE) and Ethical Climate (EC) on Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB). The sample was 115 employees of Islamic financial institutions in Lampung, Indonesia. The analysis shows that IWE has a negative effect on CWB, EC also has a negative effect on CWB. This finding shows that CWB can be reduced by IWE and EC. EC influence is slightly higher than IWE shows that although IWE plays a good role in reducing CWB, the role of the ethical climate in the organization has slightly greater in reducing CWB.

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Yuningsih Yuningsih

Papers

Can Islamic Work Ethics and Ethical Climate Reduce Counterproductive Work Behavior