Magnetic fluid hyperthermia: focus on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles.

Due to finite size effects, such as the high surface-to-volume ratio and different crystal structures, magnetic nanoparticles are found to exhibit interesting and considerably different magnetic properties than those found in their corresponding bulk materials. These nanoparticles can be synthesized in several ways (e.g., chemical and physical) with controllable sizes enabling their comparison to biological organisms from cells (10–100 μm), viruses, genes, down to proteins (3–50 nm). The optimization of the nanoparticles’ size, size distribution, agglomeration, coating, and shapes along with their unique magnetic properties prompted the application of nanoparticles of this type in diverse fields. Biomedicine is one of these fields where intensive research is currently being conducted. In this review, we will discuss the magnetic properties of nanoparticles which are directly related to their applications in biomedicine. We will focus mainly on surface effects and ferrite nanoparticles, and on one diagnostic application of magnetic nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents.

https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/14/11/21266/pdf

Magnetic Nanoparticles: Surface Effects and Properties Related to Biomedicine Applications

Removal of emerging contaminants from the environment by adsorption

Remediation of wastewater using various nano-materials

The increasing number of scientific publications focusing on magnetic materials indicates growing interest in the broader scientific community. Substantial progress was made in the synthesis of magnetic materials of desired size, morphology, chemical composition, and surface chemistry. Physical and chemical stability of magnetic materials is acquired by the coating. Moreover, surface layers of polymers, silica, biomolecules, etc. can be designed to obtain affinity to target molecules. The combination of the ability to respond to the external magnetic field and the rich possibilities of coatings makes magnetic materials universal tool for magnetic separations of small molecules, biomolecules and cells. In the biomedical field, magnetic particles and magnetic composites are utilized as the drug carriers, as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and in magnetic hyperthermia. However, the multifunctional magnetic particles enabling the diagnosis and therapy at the same time are emerging. The presented review article summarizes the findings regarding the design and synthesis of magnetic materials focused on biomedical applications. We highlight the utilization of magnetic materials in separation/preconcentration of various molecules and cells, and their use in diagnosis and therapy.

Magnetic Nanoparticles: From Design and Synthesis to Real World Applications

The key methods for the preparation of magnetic nanoparticles are described systematically. The experimental data on their properties are analysed and generalised. The main theoretical views on the magnetism of nanoparticles are considered.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1070/RC2005v074n06ABEH000897/pdf

Magnetic nanoparticles: preparation, structure and properties

EPR spectra of caesium and potassium molybdates and tungstates

Isotropic hyperfine splitting in the nitroxide radicals 4-amino-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3-imidazoline-N-oxyl and 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl

Yurii A. Koksharov

Papers

Magnetic nanoparticles: preparation, structure and properties

EPR spectra of caesium and potassium molybdates and tungstates

Isotropic hyperfine splitting in the nitroxide radicals 4-amino-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3-imidazoline-N-oxyl and 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl

Stabilisation of a rhodium(V) complex in the matrix of NaF

Coprecipitation of a rhodium(VI) oxo hydroxo complex with lithium fluoride