A recyclable energy cycle using a pulsed laser and base-metal nanoparticles is proposed In this energy cycle, iron nanoparticles reduced from iron oxides by laser ablation in liquid are used for hydrogen generation The laser energy can be stored in the base-metal nanoparticles as the difference between the chemical energies of iron oxide and iron According to the results of an experiment on hydrogen production using the reduced iron nanoparticles, the reaction efficiency of the hydrogen generation at a temperature of 673 K was more than 94% for the ideal amount of generated hydrogen

https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2013/827681.pdf

Hydrogen Production Using Reduced-Iron Nanoparticles by Laser Ablation in Liquids

Hydrogen production by laser irradiation of metals in water under an ultrasonic field: A novel approach

Laser-induced hydrogen generation from graphite and coal

In this report, copper iron sulfide nanoparticles with various composition were synthesized by a thermolysis based wet chemical method. These inherently sustainable nanoparticles were then fully characterized in terms of composition, structure, and morphology, as well as for suitability as a thermoelectric material. The merits of the material preparation include a straightforward bulk material formation where particles do not require any specialized treatment, such as spark plasma sintering or thermal heating. The Seebeck coefficient of the materials reveals P-type conductivity with a maximum value of 203 µV/K. The results give insight into how to design and create a new class of sustainable nanoparticle material for thermoelectric applications.

/pdf/chalcopyrite-nanoparticles-as-a-sustainable-thermoelectric-1sqwa80otj.pdf

Chalcopyrite Nanoparticles as a Sustainable Thermoelectric Material.

An energy cycle using solar power and metals has been proposed. High repetitive laser pulses are generated by a solar-pumped laser or a laser generated using solar power, and the laser pulses are irradiated to metal oxides in liquid. We can obtain reduced metal nanoparticles with this method, and solar power is effectively stored as chemical energy. We succeeded in producing sintered Mg metal paste. The sintered Mg nanopaste reduced Mg nanoparticles from pure MgO or Mg(OH)2 powder, collected from used Mg air cells, by laser ablation in liquid using a high-repetitive ns pulse Nd:YAG laser. We also fabricated metal air fuel cells using sintered Mg plates as negative electrodes. Electricity was successfully produced from these cells. A light-emitting diode and a motor were connected to the Mg paste air fuel cells and the output voltage and current of the cells were measured. The observed output voltage was 1.4 V when they were connected to a low load, which is the same as conventional Mg air cells. Metal oxides were reduced with high efficiency and at a noticeably low cost by using lasers generated from solar energy. This makes it possible to recycle Mg plates. The new recyclable Mg paste air fuel cells are expected to become common power supplies with high-energy density and high output power.

/pdf/recyclable-metal-air-fuel-cells-using-sintered-magnesium-2a46abb68t.pdf

Recyclable Metal Air Fuel Cells Using Sintered Magnesium Paste with Reduced Mg Nanoparticles by High-Repetitive Ns Pulse Laser Ablation in Liquid

Research on the produce of re ne wable e ne rgy as a source of solar powe r has continuously ad vance d We have propose d an en ergy cycle that uses solar- pumpe d pulse lase rs and base me tal nanoparticles He re , Fe and Al nanoparticles we re pre pare d by lase r ablation in liquid for the e nergy cycle  Solar powe r was confine d in base me tal nanoparticles Me ta l plates we re fabricate d by sinte ring metal paste with base me tal nanoparticles Electricity was ge ne rate d by air ce lls using the sintere d me tal plate  A highly re pe titive laser pulse , which was an alte rnative to lasers drive n by solar power, was use d for laser ablation in liquid, and me tal oxides (Fe 3O4 or Al2O3) we re re duce d and metal nanoparticles were fabricate d Me tal plates with a low e lectrical resistance were fabricate d by sinte ring them at a low tempe rature of 520 K The e lectrical properties of the air ce lls fabricate d using sinte re d paste with nanoparticles as negative e lectrical cathodes we re the same as those of the air ce lls fabricate d in a blast furnace  It was found that the sinte re d me tal nanopaste could be use d for air ce lls

Air Cells Using Negative Metal Electrodes Fabricated by Sintering Pastes with Base Metal Nanoparticles for Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy

Influence of Temperature Program during Deposition on Properties of RF-Sputtered β-FeSi 2 Films

MgO particles were reduced to Mg nanoparticles by using ns-pulse lasers, which is converted from solar light. Pastes with reduced Mg nanoparticles were sintered. We succeeded in generating electricity by air cells using the pastes.

Yusuke Nishikawa

Papers

Hydrogen Production Using Reduced-Iron Nanoparticles by Laser Ablation in Liquids

Air Cells Using Negative Metal Electrodes Fabricated by Sintering Pastes with Base Metal Nanoparticles for Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy

Influence of Temperature Program during Deposition on Properties of RF-Sputtered β-FeSi 2 Films

Recyclable air fuel cells using sintered nanopastes with reduced Mg nanoparticles prepared by pulse laser ablation in liquids for solar energy cycle